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Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c0090909
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
... Abstract An injection-molded PVC water-filter housing fractured in service. 75x views and visual inspection supported the conclusion that failure occurred due to fatigue crack propagation, as indicated by the presence of discontinuous crack-growth bands and their evolution. However, an initial...
Image
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 Fracture in a polyvinyl chloride water filter. The fracture surface of the fatigue crack started from a fissure (arrow F). The lower dark zone is an artifact due to sectioning of the filter wall. 75× More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.modes.c0090460
EISBN: 978-1-62708-234-1
... Abstract A component of a water filtration unit failed while being used in service for approximately eight months. The filter system had been installed in a commercial laboratory, where it was stated to have been used exclusively in conjunction with deionized water. The failed part had been...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.modes.c0046378
EISBN: 978-1-62708-234-1
.... Analysis supported the conclusions that the leaks were caused by excessive sleeve wear that resulted from the presence of fine, abrasive silt in the river water. The silt, which contained hard particles of silica, could not be filtered out of the inlet water effectively. Hard surfacing Pumps...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.chem.c0091694
EISBN: 978-1-62708-220-4
... because of unrelated tube failures. Sanitary (chlorinated) well water was generally used in the system, although filtered process make-up water (river water) containing ammonia was occasionally used. Investigation (visual inspection, chemical analysis, mercurous nitrate testing, unetched 5X micrographs...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c0046505
EISBN: 978-1-62708-219-8
... by a pivoted malleable iron latch. The latch and top surface of the clapper plate were usually in a sanitary-water environment (stabilized, chlorinated well water with a pH of 7.3) under stagnant conditions. Process make-up water that had been clarified, filtered, softened, and chlorinated and had a pH of 9.8...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006871
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... must be cooled in order to avoid or at least minimize overheating that would damage them. This is done using either a stream of air or a flow of water, which is guided between the lamp(s) and the optical filters. The cooling medium differs in terms of its cooling effectiveness; however, with a suitable...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001832
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
..., the exhaust fan, and the HEPA filters all experienced malfunctions or were affected by malfunctions in the cooling water system. These events and their possible impacts are summarized in Table 1 . The various failures in the purge ventilation system have an effect on the transport of corrosive salts through...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.homegoods.c9001698
EISBN: 978-1-62708-222-8
... to be treated, either at individual residences, or by the water utility. Waters could be rendered non-pitting by raising their pH values to over 8 and neutralizing the free carbon dioxide. Aeration, or additions of caustic, soda ash, or lime could help resolve the problem. Neutralizing filters, which have also...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001808
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... corrosion mechanisms supported the conclusion that MIC caused the failure. A continuous deposit of silt was observed in the bottom half of the pipe. The silt indicated that the water was not properly filtered. Numerous mounds (tubercles) were found within the silt. After cleaning the ID surface...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001045
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
... than 0.001%. Several tube samples were received for failure analysis, as well as operating data for the heat exchangers. Cooling water is collected directly from the power plant reservoir and is only filtered (250 µm, or 9.8 mils) before entering the heat exchangers. Water analysis showed low...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001374
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... the damaged surfaces in cross section. Drillings were machined for chemical analysis. Chlorinated, carbon-filtered, potable water was used in the reheat system at a supply temperature of 55 °C (130 °F). The valves had been failing at an increasing rate. The failure were confined to the stems and seats...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c9001629
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
..., a detergent, and rinse water, were also provided for comparison purposes. No differences were noted between the nondiscolored and discolored components in terms of chemical composition, microstructure, or surface profile. Scanning electron microscopic study of the nondiscolored and discolored components...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.mech.c0047998
EISBN: 978-1-62708-225-9
... in the inner-ring raceway which had been softened by the elevated temperatures reached during the failure. Broken retainers and worn and bent out of shape seals were found. Penetration of gritty particles, water and other corrosive agents and leakage of lubricant out of the bearing permitted by the worn seals...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001281
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
.... The compressor section of the engine was washed on-line with water every day. Every other day, a chemical wash solution was added to the water. The chemical wash was followed by a plain-water rinse. The water wash chemicals vaporized before they reached the stage 1 HPT nozzles. The highest-boiling-point...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001064
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
... chloride. The water should not contain significant amounts of suspended solids, sulfides, or excessive bacterial contamination. Filter water to the highest standard practicable. Following the hydrotest, excess water should be blown out using dry warm air. Heat, up to approximately 60 °C (140 °F), should...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001387
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... of the electroly Fig. 2 Anode assembly and corroded steel plate Abstract Nickel anodes failed in several electrolysis cells in a heavy-water upgrading plant. Dismantling of a cell revealed gouging and the presence of loosely attached black porous masses on the anode. The carbon steel top, plate...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.marine.c0091394
EISBN: 978-1-62708-227-3
.... Heat affected zone Piping Pitting Sea water 316L 316 UNS S31600 Pitting corrosion Stagnant seawater can be quite destructive to some alloy systems. An austenitic stainless steel piping used in the fire-sprinkler system in a large saltwater passenger and car ferry failed by rapid leaking...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.modes.c9001683
EISBN: 978-1-62708-234-1
... for about one year was contaminated with microorganisms during the initial deionization treatments as a result of contaminated filters. No check of microorganism content was conducted prior to use. The water removed from the recirculating water system was brown and contained rust particulate. Water...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006920
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... decompose into secondary alcoxy and hydroxyl radicals that either recombine (cage reaction) into a macroketone and a water molecule or, less likely, lead to a secondary alcohol and water, resulting in the production of two macroradicals. In the case of polyethylene, the recombination reaction occurs...