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Undercutting

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Image
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 7 Morphology of a shallow pit and undercutting of the cladding. More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c0089774
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
... at the undercut locations. Without the excessive residual stress, the shaft dimensions appeared ample for the service load. Recommendations included applying the fillet weld with more care to avoid undercutting. The residual stresses could be minimized by pre-weld and post-weld heat application. Fillet...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.power.c0048356
EISBN: 978-1-62708-229-7
... specifications. Investigation supported the conclusion that a crevice-like undercut was likely the primary cause of the fracture and that the source of the necessary fluctuating stress was tube vibration inherent in boiler operation. Recommendations included magnetic-particle inspection of the remaining water...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.pulp.c0047529
EISBN: 978-1-62708-230-3
... in a position to project beyond the fully beveled top edge of the shell. The projecting edge of the ring fitted against a deep undercut on the inner corner of the rim of the head. The internal 90-deg angle in this undercut was sharp, with almost no fillet. A bevel from the lower edge of the undercut...
Image
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 35 Weld discontinuities affecting weld shape and contour. (a) Undercut and overlapping in a fillet weld. (b) Undercut and overlapping in a groove weld. (c) and (d) Underfill in groove welds More
Image
Published: 30 August 2021
Fig. 4 Weld discontinuities affecting weld shape and contour. (a) Undercut and overlap in a fillet weld. (b) Undercut and overlap in a groove weld. (c) and (d) Underfill in groove welds More
Image
Published: 30 August 2021
Fig. 33 Cracking from weld toe at undercuts showing volumetric discontinuities in butt welds. (a) Slag inclusion. (b) Porosity More
Image
Published: 30 August 2021
Fig. 42 Two types of poor contours in arc welds. (a) Fillet weld showing undercut at each weld toe plus weld spatter and uneven leg length. (b) Butt weld (top) showing excessive reinforcement More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.power.c0047621
EISBN: 978-1-62708-229-7
..., and flange and more skillful welding techniques to avoid undercutting and unfused interfaces. Arc welding Combustion chamber Flanges Gas turbine engines Pipe fitting Undercuts Welding defects Inconel 718 (Nickel-base superalloy) UNS N07718 Fatigue fracture Joining-related failures...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.aero.c0047793
EISBN: 978-1-62708-217-4
... and the relatively smooth cavities and undercutting of the flank on this side indicated that the damage was caused by an erosion or abrasion mechanism. A relatively smooth worn area was formed at the center of each tooth due to an abrasive action and an undulating outline with undercutting was observed...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.power.c0048714
EISBN: 978-1-62708-229-7
... surfaces during the cooling process. Air flow over the tubes reversed direction every 585 mm as a result of baffling placed in the heat exchangers. An uneven ridgelike thinning and perforation of the tube wall on the leeward side of the tube was revealed by visual examination. Undercut pits on the outer...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c0089738
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
... that the crack in the header tube was the result of a stress concentration at the toe of the weld joining a doubler collar to the tube. The stress concentration was caused by undercutting from poor welding technique and an unfavorable joint design that did not permit a good fit-up. Recommendations included...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.chem.c0048691
EISBN: 978-1-62708-220-4
... Abstract AISI type 410 stainless steel tube bundles in a heat exchanger experienced leakage during hydrostatic testing even before being in service. The inside surfaces of the tubes was observed to have been pitted. Chloride-ion pitting was revealed by the undercutting in the cross section...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.conag.c0047570
EISBN: 978-1-62708-221-1
... section of the pipe. The toe of the weld and the adjacent undercut were stress raisers that determined the point of major crack origin. Under residual stress, the internal point of incomplete fusion also initiated additional cracks. Recommendations included ensuring a proper fit between an elliptical...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001320
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... Abstract Severe pitting was found on the internal surfaces of SA-210 Grade C waterwall tubing of a coal-fired boiler at a cogeneration facility. Metallographic examination showed the pits to be elliptical, having an undercut morphology with supersurface extensions,. a type of pitting...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001287
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... bearing mounted on the billet-loading tray ( Fig. 3 ). A holding pin passes through the tongue and shaft at the thread to prevent unscrewing during operation. The end of the upper 38 mm ( 1 1 2 in.) diam thread, where it meets the bar surface, is undercut to the depth of the thread. The width...
Image
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 The edges of the damaged areas of the failed section of the transfer line were vertical and, in some cases, undercut. More
Image
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 38 AISI 1040 steel shaft for an amusement ride. Fatigue fracture originated at weld undercuts. Two sets of beach marks and a triangular final-fracture zone are visible. Approximately 0.4× More
Image
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 AISI 1040 steel shaft for an amusement ride. Fatigue fracture originated at weld undercuts. Two sets of beach marks and a triangular final-fracture zone are visible. Approximately 0.4x More
Image
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 19 The bottom of a type 321 stainless steel aircraft freshwater storage tank that failed in service as a result of pitting. This unetched section shows subsurface enlargement and undercutting of one of the pits. Approximately 95× More