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UNS G41500
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Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001131
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
... as a result of an oxide seam in the original material rather than from oxide from heat treating. Nondestructive testing prior to machining and heat treatment was recommended. Cracking (fracturing) Quenching (cooling) Resulfurized steels 4150 UNS G41500 (Other, general, or unspecified) fracture...
Abstract
Two 25 x 40 mm (1 x 1.5 in.) AISI 4150 hot-rolled steel bars that cracked during heat treatment were examined to determine whether the heat treating procedure had contributed to the failure. Metallographic examination of a cross section taken through the fracture revealed an oxide coating on both sides of the fracture surface. The oxide was also found on the top and bottom sides of the sample. Sawcut sides of the bar did not exhibit the oxide layer The presence of the oxide in the fracture, combined with its absence on all exterior surfaces, indicated that the fracture occurred as a result of an oxide seam in the original material rather than from oxide from heat treating. Nondestructive testing prior to machining and heat treatment was recommended.
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.design.c0047100
EISBN: 978-1-62708-233-4
... of fatigue cracks. Plungers Shafts (power) Stress concentration 4150 UNS G41500 Fatigue fracture Plunger shafts machined from 4150 steel bar stock were involved in a series of fatigue failures. The fractures consistently occurred at two different locations on the shafts–the shaft fillet...
Abstract
Plunger shafts machined from 4150 steel bar stock were involved in a series of fatigue failures. The fractures consistently occurred at two locations on the shafts: the shaft fillet and either side of a machined notch. The material specification for the shafts required 41xx series steel with a carbon content of 0.38 to 0.53%, a hardness of 35 to 40 HRC for the shaft, and a hardness of 50 to 55 HRC for the notch (which was case hardened). Analysis (visual inspection, chemical analysis, hardness testing, and magnetic particle inspection) supported the conclusions that all the fractures were fatigue-induced failures due to sharp radii in the fillets. The stress-concentrating effects of the fillets caused fatigue cracks to initiate and grow under cyclic loading until the crack depth was critical, causing the shaft to fail and rendering the assembly inoperative. Recommendations included increasing the radii of the notch and shaft fillets. If fatigue cracking had continued to be a problem with this component, shot peening of the subject radii would be appropriate. This process produces residual compressive stresses in the surface of the part, thereby retarding initiation of fatigue cracks.
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.matlhand.c0046160
EISBN: 978-1-62708-224-2
... shifting during operation. Axles Cranes Forgings Torsional fatigue 4150 UNS G41500 Fatigue fracture A stepped drive axle used in a high-speed electric overhead crane broke after 15 months of service. The axle ( Fig. 1a ) was made from a hardened-and-tempered resulfurized 4150 steel forging...
Abstract
A stepped drive axle (hardened and tempered resulfurized 4150 steel forging) used in a high-speed electric overhead crane (rated at 6800 kg, or 7 tons, and handling about 220 lifts/day with each lift averaging 3625 to 5440 kg, or 4 to 6 tons) broke after 15 months of service. Visual examination of the fracture surface revealed three fracture regions. The primary fracture occurred approximately 50 mm (2 in.) from the driven end of the large-diam keywayed section on the stepped axle and approximately 38 mm (1 in.) from one end of the keyway where the crane wheel was keyed to the axle. Macroscopic, microscopic, and chemical examination revealed composition that was basically within the normal range for 4150 steel. This evidence supports the conclusion that cracking initiated at a location approximately opposite the keyway, and final fracture was due to mixed ductile and brittle fracture. Axial shift of the crane wheel during operation, because of insufficient interference fit, was the major cause of fatigue cracking. Recommendations included redesigning the axle to increase the critical diameter from 140 to 150 mm (5.5 to 6 in.) and to add a narrow shoulder to keep the drive wheel from shifting during operation.