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Stress cracking

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Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.mech.c0006899
EISBN: 978-1-62708-225-9
... they were in service for three to four months. Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine if the failure mode was hydrogen-stress cracking, if sulfides accelerate the failure, if heat treatment can improve the resistance against this failure mode, and if the type 305 austenitic stainless steel would...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.mech.c0006900
EISBN: 978-1-62708-225-9
... on the conditions (the clamp is the cathode of a galvanic cell with zinc) and the brittle nature of the cracks, the failures were diagnosed as hydrogen-stress cracking. Laboratory experiments were conducted to substantiate the above diagnosis and to evaluate the effect of annealing and the hydrogen-stress cracking...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001383
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... growth until final fracture. The natural stress concentration at the thread root, when tightened to the required clamp load concomitant with the presence of cracks in the carburized case, was sufficient to exceed the critical stress intensity for hydrogen-assisted stress cracking (HASC). The zinc plating...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006917
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... Abstract While there are many fracture mechanisms that can lead to the failure of a plastic component, environmental stress cracking (ESC) is recognized as one of the leading causes of plastic failure. This article focuses on unpacking the basic concepts of ESC to provide the engineer...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001820
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
.... The applied stress was 100% of the YS of the steels ( a ) A216-WCC, ( b ) A217-WC9 Fig. 11 Transverse sections of steels showing SSC cracks, after corrosion testing according to NACE TM0177-96 method “A” standard in 5.0% NaCl + 0.5% CH 3 COOH at T = 23 °C and pH 3.5. The applied stress was 100...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001103
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
... by stress-corrosion cracking. It was surmised that seawater or some other corrosive substance was present in sufficient quantity to induce intergranular cracking at regions of high stress concentration. It was recommended that all tap bolts be replaced with new bolts made from an alloy with a higher copper...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001814
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... on the outside of the dip tube. The arrow indicates the outside surface Fig. 20 Photomicrograph of the cracks and oxidation on the outside surface of the dip tube Fig. 8 Material found on the quench lines Fig. 21 Stress versus temperature curves for Incoloy 825. Notice the decrease...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001323
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
...-induced stress-corrosion cracking. Sodium was detected by EDS in the internal deposits and the base of a gouge in a carbon steel tube and in the internal deposits of the stainless steel tube. The sodium probably formed sodium hydroxide with carryover moisture and caused the gouging, which was further...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.power.c0091528
EISBN: 978-1-62708-229-7
...-related failures Stress-corrosion cracking A 150 mm (6 in.) schedule 80S type 304 stainless steel pipe (11 mm, or 0.432 in., wall thickness), which had served as an equalizer line in the primary loop of a pressurized-water reactor, was found to contain several circumferential cracks 50 to 100 mm (2...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001061
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
... and heat-affected zones (HAZs). Fracture/crack morphology was brittle and primarily intergranular and deposits at crack tips were primarily iron oxides with significant amounts of sodium compounds. On these bases, the cracking was characterized as intergranular stress-corrosion cracking (IGSCC). Corrosion...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001313
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... analysis of crystalline compounds in the deposit indicated the possible presence of ammonia. Failure was attributed to stress-corrosion cracking resulting from ammonia in the cooling water. It was recommended that an alternate tube material, such as a 70Cu-30Ni alloy or a titanium alloy, be used...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c9001190
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
... cases however the cracks were detected after a certain period of operation. The intercrystalline course of the cracks indicated stress-cracking as it often appears in brass after heavier cold deformation. The splitting of the couplings could have been avoided by a tempering heat treatment...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001119
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
... winding. It was concluded that failure initiation was caused by residual stress-driven stress-corrosion cracking, and it was recommended that the vendor provide more effective stress relief. Engine components Residual stress Spring steels Truck engines SAE J157 Stress-corrosion cracking...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003553
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
...Specific ions and substances that have been known to cause stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) in various alloys when present at low concentrations and as impurities Table 1 Specific ions and substances that have been known to cause stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) in various alloys when present...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006785
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... Abstract Stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) is a form of corrosion and produces wastage in that the stress-corrosion cracks penetrate the cross-sectional thickness of a component over time and deteriorate its mechanical strength. Although there are factors common among the different forms...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.auto.c0091598
EISBN: 978-1-62708-218-1
... Stress-corrosion cracking After 10 to 20 months of service, the carbon steel hoppers on three trucks used to transport bulk ammonium nitrate prills developed extensive cracking in the upper walls. The prills were used in blasting operations and required transportation over rough roads to a mining...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.aero.c0006387
EISBN: 978-1-62708-217-4
.... Accessories Aircraft components Scanning electron microscopy Swivels 7075 UNS A97075 Intergranular corrosion Stress-corrosion cracking A routine examination on a seat ejection system found that the catapult attachment swivel contained cracks on opposite sides of the part. This swivel, or bath tub...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.aero.c9001560
EISBN: 978-1-62708-217-4
... Abstract Military aircraft use a cartridge ignition system for emergency engine starts. Analysis of premature failures of steel (AISI 4340) breech chambers in which the solid propellant cartridges were burned identified corrosion as one problem with an indication that stress-corrosion cracking...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.aero.c0091674
EISBN: 978-1-62708-217-4
... that the interference fit of the bushing in the lug hole be discontinued. Aircraft components Hinge brackets Marine environments 2014-T6 UNS A92014 Stress-corrosion cracking Surface treatment related failures Forged aluminum alloy 2014-T6 hinge brackets in naval aircraft rudder and aileron linkages...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.aero.c0048616
EISBN: 978-1-62708-217-4
... Intergranular precipitation Shot peening 431 UNS S43100 Stress-corrosion cracking The T-bolt shown in Fig. 1(a) was part of the coupling for a bleed air duct of a jet engine on a transport plane. Specifications required that the 4.8-mm ( 3 16 -in.) diam T-bolt be made of AISI type 431...