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Static electricity

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Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.mech.c0047935
EISBN: 978-1-62708-225-9
... was suspected to have caused the electric discharge by accumulation and discharge of static charge. The electrical resistance between the rotor and the motor frame lubricated with electrically conductive grease and the grease used in the current case was measured and compared to confirm the fact the currently...
Image
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 Weld spots on contact surfaces of a type 440C stainless steel ball bearing. The spots are caused by static electrical discharges resulting from use of an electrically nonconductive grease. (a) and (b) Photographs of inner-raceway surface. 10 and 100×, respectively. (c) and (d) SEM More
Image
Published: 30 August 2021
Fig. 33 Weld spots on contact surfaces of a type 440C (X90CrMoV18 or WN 1.4112) stainless steel ball bearing. The spots are caused by static electrical discharges resulting from the use of an electrically nonconductive grease. (a, b) Photographs of inner-raceway surface. Original magnification More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001076
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
... system at appropriate locations were recommended. Electrostatic fields Gas pipelines Static electricity Thrust bearings Turbogenerators Silver (Other, miscellaneous, or unspecified) failure Background The silver layer on a thrust bearing face in a power turbine experienced...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001499
EISBN: 978-1-62708-236-5
... of the gears were found to be pitted, one low on profile and the adjacent tooth high on profile. The mating gear had a similar characteristic, two adjacent teeth with evidence of pitting and the same difference in profile. It was correctly deduced that the pitting occurred because the gears were in a static...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.aero.c0046146
EISBN: 978-1-62708-217-4
.... A fracture on the opposite side of the lug (Secondary fracture, Detail A, Fig. 1 ) appeared to be typical for a static overload failure. A section was taken normal to the fracture surface and in the region contacted by the bushing flange, and was prepared for metallographic examination. Results showed...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006834
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
... depth. (b) Induction hardening. SHD, surface-hardness depth. Source: Ref 1 , 2 For materials that would not reach those hardness levels after heat treatment, the following correction factors for the static ( C 0 ) and dynamic ( C ) load-carrying capacities may be used ( Fig. 5 ). Fig. 5...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.homegoods.c0090448
EISBN: 978-1-62708-222-8
... conversion. Parts produced from the previous material, a nylon 6/6 resin, had consistently passed the testing regimen. The housing assembly included a spring clip, which applied a static force on a molded-in boss extending from the main body of the housing. Grease was applied liberally within the housing...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001815
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... throughout the structure, which was not the case. Standard bend tests for evaluation of HE in coppers, per ASTM B 577, were conducted on samples machined from service-failed pins, and all samples passed. A static load test was also performed on a sample machined from a service-failed pin, similar to ASTM F...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0001810
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... example, use of an electrically non-conductive grease prevented proper grounding. Example 1: Pitting Failure of Ball Bearings in an Electric Motor by Static Electrical Discharges The electric motor in an office machine was producing intermittent noise. Ball bearings were suspected as the source...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0001820
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... length. The fatigue cracks had been produced during rail shipment of the pipe as a result of the combination of static stresses produced in the lower layers of stacked pipe by the static weight of the pipe above and cyclic stresses produced by the vertical acceleration of the rail car. When...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001778
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... from a 53 mm locked coil track rope. Optical microscopy of failed round wires in the 53 mm diameter rope clearly revealed fully decarburized layers at the surface and a few grain-boundary cracks. From the location of the failure, it was clear that apart from static tensile loads, the wire ropes had...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.petrol.c9001603
EISBN: 978-1-62708-228-0
... 10 (PA 370) specification and tested on a 10 ton static universal testing machine (Instron-1195 model, Instron Ltd., High Wycombe Bucks, UK) at a strain rate of 6.6 × 10 −4 /s. Standard Charpy V-notch samples were prepared and tested at 0 °C for Charpy impact energy (CIE). The temperature rise during...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001430
EISBN: 978-1-62708-236-5
... opportunity. An alternative method of reclamation, and in many cases a preferable one, employs the technique of metal spraying and although a sprayed metal layer contributes little to the static strength of a built-up shaft, it does not result in severe deterioration in fatigue properties as does the method...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.modes.c9001459
EISBN: 978-1-62708-234-1
... that the total number of stress cycles imposed in the course of the working life was comparatively small. The early engineers were concerned primarily with “static” stresses and interested themselves particularly in the 99 static” mechanical properties of materials, of which the tensile test came to be regarded...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.power.c9001676
EISBN: 978-1-62708-229-7
... (contained in a Zircaloy-2 guide tube). There are two types of fully encapsulated assemblies: (i) sealed but having a He feed - the system can be permanently flushed with He or periodically purged leaving a static He atmosphere between purges; or, (ii) permanently sealed at the time of manufacture...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003562
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... is termed fretting fatigue , or contact fatigue . Fatigue cracks also may initiate where the contacting surfaces are under a very heavy normal load or where there is a static tensile stress in one of the surfaces. There are cases where the movement is not simply tangential but is complicated by the normal...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0001812
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... of these requirements is necessary before a satisfactory fastener can be selected. The selection of the correct fastener or fastener system may simply involve satisfying a requirement for strength (static or fatigue) or for corrosion resistance. On the other hand, selection may be dictated by a complex system...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.mech.c9001721
EISBN: 978-1-62708-225-9
... is static and tensile in nature. The propagation of a SCC crack can be either transgranular or intergranular. In transgranular SCC, the cracks propagate across the grains usually in a specific or preferred crystal plane of low indices (i.e. {100}, {110}, etc.). 1 SCC occurring in a transgranular type mode...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006805
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
... system may simply involve satisfying a requirement for strength (static or fatigue) or for corrosion resistance. On the other hand, selection may be dictated by a complex system of specification and qualification controls. The extent and complexity of the system needed is usually dictated by the probable...