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Solder alloy

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Published: 30 August 2021
Fig. 1 Typical stress-strain curve of a solder alloy (SAC305) More
Image
Published: 30 August 2021
Fig. 2 Schematic demonstration of the viscoplasticity effect of a solder alloy (SAC305). Legend number is for strain rate changing from 10 −4 /s to 10/s. More
Image
Published: 30 August 2021
Fig. 3 Bingham-Maxwell expression for the mechanical properties of a solder alloy More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006827
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
... at the assembly level. This article covers the properties of solder alloys and the corresponding intermetallic compounds. It includes the dominant failure modes introduced during the solder joint manufacturing process and in field-use applications. The corresponding failure mechanism and root-cause analysis...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001132
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
... environment. On this basis, it was concluded that creep of the solder alloy was the most probable cause of failure. Creep (materials) Fire protection Soldered joints Solders Solder alloy Creep fracture/stress rupture Background A sprinkler head unit that was installed in a smoking lounge...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001843
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... largely become a problem of the past, with the use of alloying additions, like lead, to combat it. However, the introduction of RoHS could change all of that. Tin-lead solders have been used in the electronic industry for decades because of their good conductivity, fluidity, and solderability. The lead...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.chem.c9001441
EISBN: 978-1-62708-220-4
... 5% antimony, which is more difficult to use than the usual tin-lead alloys. The use of this particular type of solder was a contributory factor in the production of unsound joints in the samples examined. Expansion Freezing Moisture Pipe joints Wetting Sn-5Sb Copper Joining-related...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001391
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... (e.g., overnight). As part of a quality control test program, a die shear test was performed on the resistors after solder attachment to the carrier strips. The most recent attachment shear forces varied from 0.4 to 2 kg (0.8 to 4.5 lb.). The resistors with low force values reportedly exhibited...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.modes.c9001674
EISBN: 978-1-62708-234-1
... noble metal, gold, was being corroded preferentially to a much more reactive alloy, the Pb-Sn-In solder. The obvious conclusion that the corrosion was due to a complexing agent, specific for gold amongst the available metals, was difficult to prove because of the small amount of corrosion product...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.conag.c0047570
EISBN: 978-1-62708-221-1
..., and Soldering , Volume 6 of Metals Handbook (9th ed.), 1983), and the ASM Committee on Failure Analysis of Weldments (for Failure Analysis and Prevention , Volume 10 of Metals Handbook (8th ed.), 1975). Selected Reference Selected Reference • Becker W.T. and McGarry D. , Mechanisms...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.power.c0047621
EISBN: 978-1-62708-229-7
... Committee on Weld Discontinuities (for Welding, Brazing;, and Soldering , Volume 6 of Metals Handbook (9th ed.), 1983), and the ASM Committee on Failure Analysis of Weldments (for Failure Analysis and Prevention , Volume 10 of Metals Handbook (8th ed.), 1975). Selected Reference Selected...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.matlhand.c0089766
EISBN: 978-1-62708-224-2
..., and Soldering , Volume 6 of Metals Handbook (9th ed.), 1983), and the ASM Committee on Failure Analysis of Weldments (for Failure Analysis and Prevention , Volume 10 of Metals Handbook (8th ed.), 1975). Selected Reference Selected Reference • Fatigue Failures , Failure Analysis and Prevention...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.petrol.c0048808
EISBN: 978-1-62708-228-0
... “Hardfacing, Weld Cladding, and Dissimilar Metal Joining” in Welding, Brazing, and Soldering , Volume 6 of the ASM Handbook ). The precipitates followed the austenitic regions into the duplex structure and eventually disappeared. They undoubtedly contributed to the cracking that occurred...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006828
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
... metals to ceramics. Procedures for brazing various materials such as cast irons, steels, stainless steels, heat-resistant alloys, aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, copper alloys, reactive and refractory metals, and carbon and graphite are described in Welding, Brazing, and Soldering , Volume 6...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006770
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... is very useful to illustrate abrupt or gradual composition variations at areas of interest on a sample surface or prepared specimen. Figure 13 shows a line scan on a metallographically prepared section of a printed circuit board with multiple failed solder connections. The line scans indicate...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0001822
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... some solder penetration. The same results were observed when liquid tin, lead, zinc, cadmium, or Lipowitz alloy (a tin-lead-bismuth-cadmium alloy sometimes containing indium) was used. In 1968, studies were conducted on the influence of cold work on the LME of pure iron and Fe-2Si ( Ref 27 ). Sheet...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001782
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... and weldability of conventional titanium alloys . In: ASM Handbook Volume 6: Welding, Brazing, and Soldering , 10th edn. , pp. 507 – 523 . ASM International ( 1993 ) 10.31399/asm.hb.v06.a0001415 Selected references Selected references • Fatigue Failures , Failure Analysis and Prevention , Vol...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006764
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... can be used to detect internal laws in most engineering metals and alloys. Bonds produced by welding, brazing, soldering, and adhesive bonding can also be ultrasonically examined. In-line techniques have been developed for monitoring and classifying materials as acceptable, salvageable, or scrap...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001385
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
...: ANSI/UL 486A Wire Connectors and Soldering Lugs for use with Copper Conductors ANSI/UL 486B Wire Connectors for Use with Aluminum Conductors ANSI/UL 486E Equipment Wiring Terminals for Use with Aluminum and/or Copper Conductors Standards 486B and 486E require that terminals intended...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.modes.c9001632
EISBN: 978-1-62708-234-1
... Stainless Steel Irradiated with 800 MeV Protons,” J. Nucl. Mater. , 1999 . 10.1016/S0022-3115(99)00147-6 7. Welding, Brazing and Soldering , vol. 6 , ASM Handbook , ASM International , 1997 , p. 575 . 8. Carsughi F. , Derz H. , Ferguson P. , Pott G. , Sommer W...