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Polyvinyl chloride

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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 Stub-shaft assembly, for agitator in a polyvinyl chloride reactor, that failed by ductile fracture. Top left: Configuration and dimensions (given in inches). Detail A: Sections through failure area showing original design, first revised design, and final design Element Chemical More
Image
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 Fracture in a polyvinyl chloride water filter. The fracture surface of the fatigue crack started from a fissure (arrow F). The lower dark zone is an artifact due to sectioning of the filter wall. 75× More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.modes.c0047879
EISBN: 978-1-62708-234-1
... Abstract The stub-shaft assembly which was part of the agitator shaft in a polyvinyl chloride reactor, fractured in service after a nut that retained a loose sleeve around the smaller-diam section of the shaft had been tightened several times to reduce leakage. The shaft was made of ASTM A105...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.chem.c0090439
EISBN: 978-1-62708-220-4
... Abstract A section of clear polymeric tubing failed while in service. The failed sample had been used in a chemical transport application. The tubing had also been exposed to periods of elevated temperature as part of the operation. The tubing was specified to be a polyvinyl chloride (PVC...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c0090909
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
... fissure was believed to have started first due to residual stresses developed during injection molding. No recommendations were made. Housings Injection molding Residual stresses Water filters Polyvinyl chloride Fatigue fracture Figure 1 shows an injection-molded PVC water-filter housing...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006945
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... alcohol polyvinyl acetate polyvinyl alcohol polyvinyl butyral polyvinyl chloride polyvinylidene chloride polyvinylidene uoride polyvinyl formal; polyvinyl uoride polyvinyl formal polyvinyl alcohol reduction of area radio frequency residual gas analysis reaction injection molding risk priority number...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001351
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... is about 170 HV. The bellows had been stored in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) bags for about 1 year after procurement. Helium leak testing revealed numerous leaks. Although the leak rates were very small (i.e., of the order of 10 −6 to 10 −7 cm 3 /s, or 6 × 10 −7 to 6 × 10 −8 in. 3 /s), the bellows were...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006849
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
...’ of polyvinyl chloride blends; MW A = 58 × 10 4 ; MW B = 5.9 × 10 4 Fig. 15 Development of polyvinyl chloride master curve Fig. 16 Dynamic mechanical properties of solids. (a) Torsion, (b) tension, (c) bending, and (d) compression Fig. 17 Dynamic mechanical properties...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c9001528
EISBN: 978-1-62708-219-8
... no definitive match with the FTIR spectrum for the black foam insulation, probably because of its complex composition. Portions of the spectrum match aluminum hydroxide (consistent with the high aluminum observed in the EDS spectrum), polybutadiene (a rubber), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The FTIR spectrum...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006925
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... Cellulose nitrate (celluloid) CP Cellulose propionate (propionate) CPVC Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride CPE Chlorinated polyethylene CS Casein CTA Cellulose triacetate (triacetate) CTFE Polymonochlorotrifluoroethylene DAP Poly(diallyl phthalate) DMC Dough molding compound...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006931
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
...; PVC, polyvinyl chloride; PA, polyamide; PI, polyimide; PET, polyethylene terephthalate. Dacron, E.I. DuPont de Nemours & Co. Practical information derived from polymer analysis methods Table 2 Practical information derived from polymer analysis methods Test method Property...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006915
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... 140 264 507 80 11.6 Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) 60 140 232 450 52 7.5 Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) 69 156 265 509 72 10.4 Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) 80, 87 176, 189 212 414 55 8.0 Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) 85 185 T d < T m (b) T d < T m (b...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003541
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
..., or brittle failure. Therefore, design limitation and product failure for some plastics may be associated with stress crazing, stress cracking, or stress whitening. This is shown in Fig. 5 by a set of time-dependent stress curves for unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The upper line indicates ductile...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006923
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... 212, 220 240 465 Nonhydrocarbon carbon-chain thermoplastics Polyvinyl chloride (vinyl) 87 190 212 415 Polyvinyl fluoride −20 −5 200 390 Polyvinylidene chloride −17 1 198 390 Polyvinylidene fluoride −35 −30 … … Polytetrafluoroethylene −97, 126 −140, 260 327 620...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006939
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... and nonphthalate types of plasticizers Types of plasticizers Chemical composition Commercial name Application Phthalates Di- n -butylphthalates (DBP) Palatinol C (BASF Corp.) KLJ-DBP (KLJ Group) Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), rubber, bioplastic, cellulosic polymers Dioctyl phthalate (DOP) Eastman...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001808
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
.... The disinfectants and the solvents used by the laboratory would be the determining factors in whether a polymer or metal can be chosen as the replacement material. Highly polymerized polymers, such as PVC (polyvinyl chloride), have been documented with resistance to bacterial attack [ 7 ]. Another possible...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006932
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
...(a) 68 Polyethylene terephthalate(a) 65 Polyphenylene sulfide(a) 49 Polyethylene, branched(a) 100–220 Polypropylene(a) 81–100 Polystyrene(a) 50–83 Polyvinyl chloride(a) 50–100 Glass(b) 8.3–9.7 Gold(b) 14.3 Cast iron(b) 10.6 Carbon graphite(b) 7.9 Hardened...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006914
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) 391 736 454 849 Polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) 532 990 532 990 Polystyrene (PS) 345–360 653–680 488–496 910–925 Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) … … 466 871 Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) 280–300 536–572 450–462 842–864 Polycarbonate (PC) 375...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006865
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
...Relative resistance of common polymers to photodegradation Table 1 Relative resistance of common polymers to photodegradation Polymer Relative resistance Polymethyl methacrylate n Polyacrylonitrile n Polyoxymethylene m Polyethylene m Polyvinyl chloride n...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006943
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... of a polyvinyl chloride specimen fractured by impact at liquid temperature, showing rocklike fracture. (a) Original magnification: 500×. (b) Original magnification: 1500× Fig. 43 SEM fractographs of a polyvinyl chloride specimen fractured by impact at ambient temperature, showing the presence...