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Nugget-to-edge distance
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Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.auto.c9001612
EISBN: 978-1-62708-218-1
... during operation. The propensity to crack initiation and failure was accentuated by improper cleaning of the surfaces prior to welding and to inadequate nugget-to-sheet edge distance. Heat penetration Nugget-to-edge distance Resistance spot welding Weld strength Welded steel Joining-related...
Abstract
The fan used to cool a diesel engine fractured catastrophically after approximately 100 h of operation. The fan failed at a spider, which was resistance spot welded to a shim placed between two circular spiders of 3 mm thickness. The detailed analysis of the fracture indicated that the premature failure of the fan was due to inadequate bonding between the sheets at the weld nugget. The fracture was initiated from the nugget-plate interface. The inadequate penetration and lack of fusion between the steel sheets during resistance spot welding led to poor weld strength and the fracture during operation. The propensity to crack initiation and failure was accentuated by improper cleaning of the surfaces prior to welding and to inadequate nugget-to-sheet edge distance.
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001082
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
...) bal (a) Not AISI stainless steel but contains nuggets composed of a nickel-base alloy similar to Inconel 182 (for example, AWS weld rod material ENiCrFe-3). (b) Not specified Mechanical Properties Hardness Hardness tests were performed on the metallographic samples. The base...
Abstract
Several large-diameter type 304L stainless steel impeller/propeller blades in a circulating water pump failed after approximately 8 months of operation. The impeller was a single casting that had been modified with a fillet weld buildup at the blade root. Visual examination indicated that the fracture originated near the blade-to-hub attachment in the area of the weld buildup. Specimens from four failed castings and from an impeller that had developed cracks prior to design modification were subjected to a complete analysis. A number of finite-element-method computer models were also constructed. It was determined that the blades failed by fatigue that had been accelerated by stress-corrosion cracking. The mechanism of failure was flow-induced vibration, in which the vortex-shedding frequencies of the blades were attuned to the natural frequency of the blade/hub configuration. A number of solutions involving material selection and impeller redesign were recommended.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003509
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... and discontinuities in welded joints General Types of Weld Discontinuities Weld discontinuities (or imperfections) can be caused by various design, processing, or metallurgical factors. Joint design, edge preparation, fit-up, cleanness of base metal and filler metal, shielding, and welding technique all...
Abstract
This article briefly reviews the general causes of weldment failures, which may arise from rejection after inspection or failure to pass mechanical testing as well as loss of function in service. It focuses on the general discontinuities observed in welds, and shows how some imperfections may be tolerable and how the other may be root-cause defects in service failures. The article explains the effects of joint design on weldment integrity. It outlines the origins of failure associated with the inherent discontinuity of welds and the imperfections that might be introduced from arc welding processes. The article also describes failure origins in other welding processes, such as electroslag welds, electrogas welds, flash welds, upset butt welds, flash welds, electron and laser beam weld, and high-frequency induction welds.