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Mn-Cr-Mo-V steel
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Book Chapter
Failure of a Thick-Wall Alloy Steel Pressure Vessel Caused by Cracks in Weld HAZ
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.chem.c0048795
EISBN: 978-1-62708-220-4
... Abstract A large pressure vessel designed for use in an ammonia plant failed during hydrostatic testing. It was fabricated from ten Mn-Cr-Ni-Mo-V steel plates which were rolled and welded to form ten cylindrical shell sections and three forgings of similar composition. The fracture surfaces...
Abstract
A large pressure vessel designed for use in an ammonia plant failed during hydrostatic testing. It was fabricated from ten Mn-Cr-Ni-Mo-V steel plates which were rolled and welded to form ten cylindrical shell sections and three forgings of similar composition. The fracture surfaces were metallographically examined to be typical for brittle steel fracture and associated with the circumferential weld that joined the flange forging to the first shell section. Featureless facets in the HAZ were observed and were revealed to be the fracture-initiation sites. Pronounced banding in the structure of the flange forging was revealed by examination. A greater susceptibility to cracking was interpreted from the higher hardenability found within the bands. Stress relief was concluded to have not been performed at the specified temperature level (by hardness and impact tests) which caused the formation of hard spots. The mode of crack propagation was established by microstructural examination to be transgranular cleavage. It was concluded that failure of the pressure vessel stemmed from the formation of transverse fabrication cracks in the HAZ fostered by the presence of hard spots. It was recommended that normalizing and tempering temperatures be modified and a revised forging practice explored.
Book Chapter
Study of Inclusions in a Failed Aero-Engine Component
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.aero.c9001489
EISBN: 978-1-62708-217-4
... observed inclusions were spinel solid solutions of the type MO middot; N2O3, where M = Fe, Mn, or Mg and N = Cr or Al. The detrimental inclusions were corundum, calcium aluminates, cristobalite, and silicates. The most detrimental phases were traced on the surfaces of the specimens fractured using impact...
Abstract
The cause of the fatigue failure in the retaining ring of the compressor region of an aero-engine turbine was found to be the presence of a high concentration of nonmetallic inclusions. The results of chemical analysis were used to estimate the phases present. The most frequently observed inclusions were spinel solid solutions of the type MO middot; N2O3, where M = Fe, Mn, or Mg and N = Cr or Al. The detrimental inclusions were corundum, calcium aluminates, cristobalite, and silicates. The most detrimental phases were traced on the surfaces of the specimens fractured using impact loading; the comparison is being made with the polished surfaces and the tensile specimen fracture surfaces. The inclusions in the failed retaining ring were compared with the ones in a similar component obtained from a used engine. In the case of the latter, a large number of fine and elongated (Mn, Cr, Fe)S inclusions were present along with spinels. The nondeformable, rigid oxide particles are considered more undesirable than the sulfides as far as fatigue life of the component is concerned. It has been reported that the presence of sulfides may eliminate the stresses due to oxides.
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.matlhand.c9001262
EISBN: 978-1-62708-224-2
... after three or four months' service. It was reportedly manufactured of the heat resistant steel 30 CrMoV 9 (Material No. 1.7707). Verification of the chemical composition yielded the following values: C % Si % Mn % P % S % Cr % Mo % V % 0,32 0,18 0,60 0,022 0,013 2,34 0,01...
Abstract
A chain link which was part of the hoisting mechanism of a drop hammer broke after three or four months of service. It was reportedly manufactured of the heat resistant steel 30 Cr-Mo-V 9 (Material No. 1.7707). The fracture of the chain link had a conchoidal structure and ran along the austenitic grain boundaries. Such fractures are characteristic results of strong overheating. The coarse-grained, coarse acicular heat-treated structure of the chain link confirmed overheating. Because temperatures in excess of 1150 deg C are required for the solution of impurities, it is more probable that the real damage was done during the heat-up forging (drop-forging) and could not be removed during heat-treatment.
Book Chapter
Influence of Microstructure on the Premature Failure of a Second-Intermediate Sendzimir Mill Drive Roll
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.steel.c9001535
EISBN: 978-1-62708-232-7
... shown in Fig. 10 reveals compositional contrast based on atomic number differences of the constituent elements in the carbide segregate. The elemental x-ray dot-mapping images of Cr, V, Mo, W, Fe, and C are shown in Fig. 10 , respectively. The triangular particle displaying a greyish contrast...
Abstract
Although a precise understanding of roll failure genesis is complex, the microstructure of a broken roll can often unravel intrinsic deficiencies in material quality responsible for its failure. This is especially relevant in circumstances when, even under a similar mill-operating environment, the failure involves a particular roll or a specific batch of rolls. This paper provides a microstructural insight into the cause of premature breakage of a second-intermediate Sendzimir mill drive roll used at a stainless steel sheet rolling plant under the Steel Authority of India Limited. Microstructural issues influencing roll quality, such as characteristics of carbides, tempered martensite, retained austenite, etc., have been extensively studied through optical and scanning electron microscopy, electron-probe microanalysis, image analysis, and x-ray diffractometry. These are discussed to elucidate specific microstructural inadequacies that accentuated the failure. The study reveals that even through retained austenite content is low (6.29 vol%) and martensite is non-acicular, the roll breakage is a consequence of intergranular cracking caused by improper carbide morphology and distribution.
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001332
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... presents results of chemical analysis by optical emission spectrometry. Results of chemical analysis Table 1 Results of chemical analysis Composition, % Material C Mn P S Si Cu Sn Ni Cr Mo Al V Main flange steel 0.23 0.62 0.024 0.038 0.24...
Abstract
A cracked 356 mm (14 in.) diam slip-on flange (Ni-Cr-Mo-V steel) was submitted for failure analysis. Reported results and observations indicated that the flange was not an integral forging or a casting, as specified. It had been fabricated by welding and machining a ring insert within a flange with a larger internal diameter. The flange cracked because the welds between the flange and the insert were inadequate to withstand the bolting pressures. A warning was issued to end users of the flanges, which are being inspected nondestructively for conformance to specifications.
Book Chapter
Characterization of Metallic Piercings That Caused Adverse Reactions During Use
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.homegoods.c9001610
EISBN: 978-1-62708-222-8
... ( Table 1 ). None of these materials are listed in ISO standards for surgical implant material ( Table 2 ). Conventional chemical analysis results of Jewelry 4 show the presence of residual elements such as Mn (<15 ppm), Al (13 ppm), Co (42 ppm), Cr (<20 ppm), Ni (14 ppm), and Mo (16 ppm). Results...
Abstract
This investigation characterizes five surgical stainless steel piercings and one niobium piercing that caused adverse reactions during use, culminating with the removal of the jewelry. Chemical composition shows that none of the materials are in accordance with ISO standards for surgical implant materials. Additionally, none of the stainless steel piercings passed the pitting-resistance criterion of ISO 5832-1, which implies that [%Cr + 3.3(%Mo)] > 26. Under microscopic examination, most of the jewelry revealed the intense presence of linear irregularities on the surface. The lack of resistance to pitting corrosion associated with the poor surface finishing of the stainless steel jewelry may induce localized corrosion, promoting the release of cytotoxic metallic ions (such as Cr, Ni, and Mo) in the local tissue, which can promote several types of adverse effects in the human body, including allergic reactions. The adverse reaction to the niobium jewelry could not be directly associated with the liberation of niobium ions or the residual presence of cytotoxic elements such as Co, Ni, Mo, and Cr. The poor surface finish of the niobium jewelry seems to be the only variable of the material that may promote adverse reactions.
Book Chapter
An Investigation into the Failure of API 5L X-46 Grade ERW Linepipes
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.petrol.c9001603
EISBN: 978-1-62708-228-0
... of the weld joint: (Eq 1) CE = C + Mn / 6 + ( Cr + Mo + V ) / 5 + ( Ni + Cu ) / 15 (Eq 2) Pcm = C + ( Mn + Cr + Cu ) / 20 + ( Mo / 15 ) + ( Ni / 60 ) + ( V / 10 ) + ( Si...
Abstract
The genesis of failure of 6.1 mm thick electric resistance welded API 5L X-46 pipes during pretesting at a pressure equivalent to 90% of specified minimum yield strength was investigated. Cracks were found to initiate on the outer surface of the pipes in the fusion zone and propagate along the through-thickness direction. The presence of extensive decarburization and formation of a soft ferrite band within the fusion zone may have contributed to the nucleation of the cracks. Crack propagation was aided by the presence of exogenous inclusions entrapped within the fusion zone. Analysis of these inclusions confirmed the presence of Fe, Si, Ca, and O, indicating slag entrapment to be the most probable culprit.
Book Chapter
Catastrophic Failure of an 1830 mm (72 in.) Diam Spiral-Welded Water Line
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001055
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
... that the material met the specifications and appeared to be an easily welded steel with a carbon equivalent (CE) of 0.42: CE = % C + % Mn 6 + ( % Cr + % Mo + % V ) 5 + ( % Ni + % Cu ) 15 Compositions of inner and outer plates Table 1...
Abstract
The repeated failure of a welded ASTM A283 grade D pipe that was part of a 6 km (4 mi) line drawing and conducting river water to a water treatment plant was investigated. Failure analysis was conducted on sections of pipe from the third failure. Visual, macrofractographic, SEM fractographic, metallographic, chemical, and mechanical property (tension and impact toughness) analyses were conducted. On the basis of the tests and observations, it was concluded that the failure was the combined result of poor notch toughness (impact) properties of the steel, high stresses in the joint area, a possible stress raiser at the intersection of the spiral weld and girth weld, and sudden impact loading, probably due to water hammer. Use of a semi- or fully killed steel with a minimum Charpy V-notch impact value of 20 J (15 ft·lbf) at 0 deg C (32 deg F) was recommended for future water lines. Certified test results from the steel mill, procedure qualification tests of the welding, and design changes to reduce water hammer were also recommended.
Book Chapter
Failure Analysis of Power Plant Boiler Material
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001833
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
....%) C Si Mn Cr Mo V S P Fe 0.10 1.18 0.55 1.79 0.30 0.33 0.020 0.024 Balance Experimental Results Crack Morphology Obtained by acetic cellulose film replica, the morphology of the thin cracks on the outer surface of the steam chest is shown in Fig. 1 . The morphology...
Abstract
The failure of a boiler operating at 540 °C and 9.4 MPa was investigated by examining material samples from the near-failure region and by thermodynamic analysis. A scanning Auger microprobe, SEM, and commercial thermodynamic software codes were used in the investigation. Results indicated that the boiler failure was caused by grain-boundary segregation of phosphorous, tin, and nitrogen and the in-service formation of carbide films and granules on the grain boundaries.
Book Chapter
Failure Analysis of Two Stainless Steel Based Components Used in an Oil Refinery
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001819
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... analysis, is presented in Table 1 , and the chemical composition of the austenitic stainless steel is shown in Table 2 . Chemical composition of duplex stainless steel Table 1 Chemical composition of duplex stainless steel C Si Mn P S Cr Ni N Mo V Cu W Co Fe 0.02 0.52 1.85...
Abstract
The shafts on two centrifugal pumps failed during use in a petroleum refinery. Light optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to analyze the damaged materials to determine the cause of failure. The results showed that one shaft, made of duplex stainless steel, failed by fatigue fracture, and the other, made of 316 austenitic stainless steel, experienced a similar fracture, which was promoted by the presence of nonmetallic inclusion particles.
Book Chapter
Investigation of Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking in the Fuel Pool at Three Mile Island Unit 1
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.power.c9001561
EISBN: 978-1-62708-229-7
... Mo steel. They attributed the dimpled appearance to the possible decohesion of grain boundary MnS/Matrix interfaces during plastic deformation causing a large amount of cavity nuclei which could induce secondary cracking. Conclusions The primary cause of the cracking appears...
Abstract
An intergranular stress-corrosion cracking failure of 304 stainless steel pipe in 2000 ppm B as H3BO3 + H2O at 100 deg C was investigated. Constant extension rate testing produced an intergranular type failure in material in air. Chemical analysis was performed on both the base metal and weld material, in addition to fractography, EPR testing and optical microscopy in discerning the mode of failure. Various effects of Cl-, O2 and MnS are discussed. Results indicated that the cause of failure was the severe sensitization coupled with probable contamination by S and possibly by Cl ions.
Book Chapter
Failure Analysis of T12 Boiler Re-Heater Tubes During Short-Term Service
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001834
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
..., pressure = 3.9 MPa) for only 3000 h before failure. The tube is fabricated from low-alloy steel T12 (15 CrMo) with dimensions of ϕ38 × 4 mm 2 . The composition of the alloy is 0.160% C, 0.290% Si, 0.610% Mn, 0.019% S, 0.016% P, 0.950% Cr, 0.054% Ni, and 0.440% Mo, consistent with ASTM A213 specifications...
Abstract
The failure of T12 reheater tubes that had been in service for only 3000 h was investigated. The thickness of the tubes was visibly reduced by heavy oxidation corrosion on the inner and outer walls. The original pearlite substrate completely decomposed. Uniform oxide scale observed on the inner wall showed obvious vapor oxidation corrosion characteristics. Corrosion originated in the grain boundary, and selective oxidation occurred due to ion diffusion in the substrate. The layered oxide scale on the inner wall is related to the different diffusion rates for different cations. Exposure to high temperature corrosive flux accelerated the corrosion on the outer wall. Microstructure degradation and the corrosion characteristics observed indicate that the tubes failed primarily because of overheating, which is confirmed by calculations.
Book Chapter
A Study of Premature Failure of Crusher Jaws
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001776
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
..., % Element Composition, % C 1.24–1.34 V 0.006–0.008 Si 0.51–0.90 Ti 0.011–0.014 Mn 12.0–14.00 Al 0.05 P 0.04–0.06 Mg 0.003 S 0.001–0.002 Sn 0.0017 Cr 0.10–0.12 As 0.018–0.020 Mo 0.055–0.057 Co 0.04 Ni 0.017–0.021 W 0.067 Cu 0.01–0.03 Fe Balance...
Abstract
In this article, we report the outcome of an investigation made to uncover the premature fracture of crusher jaws produced in a local foundry. A crusher jaw that had failed while in service was studied through metallographic techniques to determine the cause of the failure. Our investigation revealed that the reason for the fracture was the presence of large carbides at the grain boundaries and in the grain matrix. This led to the formation of microcracks that propagated along the grain boundaries under in-service working forces. It is also believed that the precipitation of carbides at the grain boundaries may have occurred because of improper heat treatment, but not because of a deficiency in composition.
Book Chapter
Failure Analysis of HAZ Cracking in Low C-CrMoV Steel Weldment
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001837
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... and actual chemical composition (in wt.%) of steel nozzle assembly and filler metal C Si Mn P S Cr Mo V Recommended chemical composition Nozzle assembly 0.10–0.16 ≤0.20 0.8–1.1 ≤0.020 ≤0.015 1.25–1.50 0.8–1.0 0.20–0.30 Filler metal 0.11 ≤0.20 1.0 ≤0.020 ≤0.015 1.40 0.90...
Abstract
This case study describes the failure analysis of a steel nozzle in which cracking was observed after a circumferential welding process. The nozzle assembly was made from low-carbon CrMoV alloy steel that was subsequently single-pass butt welded using gas tungsten arc welding. Although no cracks were found when the welds were visually inspected, X-ray radiography showed small discontinuous surface cracks adjacent to the weld bead in the heat affected zone. Further investigation, including optical microscopy, microhardness testing, and residual stress measurements, revealed that the cracks were caused primarily by the presence of coarse untempered martensite in the heat affected zone due to localized heating. The localized heating was caused by high welding heat input or low welding speed and resulted in high transformation stresses. These transformation stresses, working in combination with thermal stresses and constraint conditions, resulted in intergranular brittle fracture.
Book Chapter
Cast Steel Housing with Grain Boundary Precipitates
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c9001217
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
.... The examined specimen had the following composition: C % Si % Mn % P % S % Cr % Mo % V % Al % N % 0,19 0,48 0,85 0,012 0,006 0,16 1,16 0,39 0,012 0,0095 Nitrogen and aluminum concentrations and the product Al N were so low that on the basis of prior experience 1...
Abstract
In a housing made of cast steel GS 20MoV12 3, weighing 42 tons, precipitates were found on the austenitic grain boundaries during metallographic inspection. According to their shape and type they were recognized as carbides that precipitated during tempering. In addition, a much coarser network of rod-shaped and plate-shaped precipitates was found, that probably corresponded to the primary grain boundaries, or to the grain boundaries or twin planes of the austenite formed during solidification of the melt. These particles could have been aluminum nitride judging by their shape and order of precipitation. Tests showed that a subsequent removal of this defect by solutioning was impractical because the annealing temperature was too high. To avoid this defect in the future the sole recommendation is to accelerate the cooling rate through the critical region between 1200 to 900 deg C to such an extent as is practicable with respect to machinability.
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.chem.c0089696
EISBN: 978-1-62708-220-4
..., 0.93% Mn, 0.023% P, 0.023% S, 0.53% Si, 0.044% Cu, 0.003% Sn, 0.50% Ni, 0.52% Cr, 0.20% Mo, 0.068% Al, and 0.003% V. Mechanical Properties Hardness Vickers hardness testing (500 g load) found the as-cast base metal to have readings of 215, 229, and 229 HV, for an average hardness of 224 HV...
Abstract
A failed crosshead of an industrial compressor was examined using optical and SEM. The crosshead was an ASTM A148 grade 105-85 steel casting. On the basis of the observations reported and available background information, it was concluded that the failure began with the initiation of cracks at slag inclusions and sharp fillets in weld-repair areas in the casting. The weld-repair procedures were unsatisfactory. The cracks propagated in a fatigue mode. he casting quality was judged unacceptable because of the presence of excessive shrinkage porosity. It was recommended that crosshead castings be properly inspected before machining. Revision of foundry practice to reduce or eliminate porosity was also recommended.
Book Chapter
Failure Analysis of a Gas Turbine Marriage Bolt
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001830
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... requirement. Chemical Composition of Failed Marriage Bolt and ASTM A193 B16 Table 2 Chemical Composition of Failed Marriage Bolt and ASTM A193 B16 Element Composition, % C Si P S Mn Cr Mo V Failed bolt 0.39 0.31 0.007 0.015 0.58 0.98 0.57 0.25 A193 B16 0.36–0.44...
Abstract
An 18-MW gas turbine exploded unexpectedly after three hours of normal operation. The catastrophic failure caused extensive damage to the rotor, casing, and nearly all turbo-compressor components. Based on their initial review, investigators believed that the failure originated at the interface between two shaft sections held together by 24 marriage bolts. Visual and SEM examination of several bolts revealed extensive deterioration of the coating layer and the presence of deep corrosion pits. It was also learned that the bolts were nearing the end of their operating life, suggesting that the effects of fatigue-assisted corrosion had advanced to the point where one of the bolts fractured and broke free. The inertial unbalance produced excessive vibration, subjecting the remaining bolts to overload failure.
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001089
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
... analysis of the crosshead material identified a composition of 0.27% C, 0.93% Mn, 0.023% P, 0.023% S, 0.53% Si, 0.044% Cu, 0.003% Sn, 0.50% Ni, 0.52% Cr, 0.20% Mo, 0.068% Al, and 0.003% V. Mechanical Properties Hardness Vickers hardness testing (500 g load) found the as-cast base metal to have...
Abstract
A failed crosshead of an industrial compressor was examined using optical and scanning electron microscope. The crosshead was an ASTM A148 grade 105-85 steel casting. On the basis of the observations reported and available background information, it was concluded that the failure began with the initiation of cracks at slag inclusions and sharp fillets in weld-repair areas in the casting. The weld-repair procedures were unsatisfactory. The cracks propagated in a fatigue mode. he casting quality was judged unacceptable because of the presence of excessive shrinkage porosity. It was recommended that crosshead castings be properly inspected before machining. Revision of foundry practice to reduce or eliminate porosity was also recommended.
Book Chapter
Study on Failure Analyses and Material Characterizations of a Damaged Booster Pump
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001779
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... Chemical analysis of booster pump alloy Table 1 Chemical analysis of booster pump alloy C Si Mn P S Cr Ni Mo Cu 0.35 0.4 0.84 0.04 0.01 0.06 0.11 0.02 0.09 V W Co Al Sn As Sb Fe 0.003 0.009 0.004 0.057 0.007 0.003 0.003 Base...
Abstract
Material samples collected from failed booster pumps were analyzed to determine the cause of failure and assess the adequacy of the materials used in the design. The pumps had been in service at a power plant, transporting feedwater from a deaerator to a main turbine boiler. Samples from critical areas of the pump were examined using optical and scanning electron microscopy, electrochemical analysis, and tensile testing. Based on microstructure and morphology, estimated corrosion rates, and particle concentrations in the feedwater, it was concluded that cavitation and erosion were the dominant failure mechanisms and that the materials and processes used to make the pumps were largely unsuited for the application.
Book Chapter
Failure Analysis of an Exhaust Diffuser Assembly
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001304
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... solidification cracking ( Ref 3 ). Chemical analysis of individual components, wt% Table 2 Chemical analysis of individual components, wt% Sample ID C Mn P S Si Cu Ni Cr Mo Al V Nb Co Diffuser Intake flange 0.04 1.63 0.027 0.001 0.52 0.14 18.9 25.9 0.11 0.009 0.06...
Abstract
An exhaust diffuser assembly failed prematurely in service. The failure occurred near the intake end of the assembly and involved fracture in the diffuser cone (Corten), diffuser in take flange (type 310 stainless steel), diffuser exit flange (type 405 stainless steel), expansion bellows (Inconel 600), and bellows intake flange (Corten). Individual segments of the failed subassemblies were examined using various methods. The analysis indicated that the weld joint in the diffuser intake flange (type 310 stainless steel to Corten steel) contained diffusion-zone solidification cracks. The joints had been produced using the mechanized gas-metal arc welding process. Cracking was attributed to improper control of welding parameters, and failure was attributed to weld defects.
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