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Hardenability

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Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c9001595
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
... Abstract Hardenability evaluation is typically applied to heat treatment process control, but can also augment standard metallurgical failure analysis techniques for steel components. A comprehensive understanding of steel hardenability is an essential complement to the skills...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c9001214
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
... Abstract A case-hardened sleeve made of C 15 (Material No. 1.0401) was flattened at two opposing sides and had cracked open at these places, the crack initiating at a face plane. The wall of the sleeve was 9 mm thick, but the flat ends were machined down to 5.5 mm from the outside. The customer...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c9001212
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
... Abstract Operation handles produced from C45 steel showed many fine cracks at the flame hardened noses. The cracks ran from the corners of indentations caused by the tool during alignment. Metallographic investigation showed the nose was overheated during flame hardening. It was concluded...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001762
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... that no suspension was involved Abstract Rollover accidents in light trucks and cars involving an axle failure frequently raise the question of whether the axle broke causing the rollover or did the axle break as a result of the rollover. Axles in these vehicles are induction hardened medium carbon steel...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.mech.c0047387
EISBN: 978-1-62708-225-9
... Abstract Induction-hardened teeth on a sprocket cast of low-alloy steel wore at an unacceptably high rate. A surface hardness of 50 to 51 HRC was determined; 55 HRC minimum had been specified. Analysis revealed that the alloy content of the steel was adequate for the desired hardenability...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006816
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
... that cause a part to fail during heat treatment. The article discusses the problems associated with heating and furnaces, quenching media, quenching stresses, hardenability, tempering, carburizing, carbonitriding, and nitriding as well as potential stainless steel problems and problems associated...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.conag.c0048596
EISBN: 978-1-62708-221-1
...-bolts fractured in fatigue because the bolt material had poor hardenability relative to the diam of the bolts. The bolt material was changed from 1045 steel to 1527 steel, a warm-finished low-alloy steel. The diameter of the bolts was reduced to 27.2 mm and the threads were rolled rather than cut...
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 Handle etched with 10% nital to show the flame hardened zone (dark). 1 × More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 4 Structure of the flame hardened top. 500 × More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 5 Longitudinal crack in a hardened and tempered bar of nickel-chromium steel, cross section, etched in nital. 10 × More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 6 Longitudinal crack in a hardened and tempered spring washer of silicon steel, cross section, etched in picral. 100 × More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 7 a). Cracks in hardened and tempered axle journals of manganese-vanadium steel, cross sections, etched in nital. 100 ×. Branch of a long crack. b). Cracks in hardened and tempered axle journals of manganese-vanadium steel, cross sections, etched in nital. 100 ×. Short crack. More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 8 Edge structure of a file blank, which remained too soft during hardening. Cross section, etched in nital. 100 × More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 Main-clutch stop arm of 8620 steel on which the case-hardened latch tip failed in service from brittle fracture because of low impact resistance and grinding burns. (a) View of stop arm showing location of fracture in latch tip, and detail showing original and improved designs of latch More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 3 Foreign inclusion in a hardened piece of chromium steel with approx. 1% C and 1.5% Cr. Longitudinal section. Etch: Picral 25× More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 4 Foreign inclusion in a hardened piece of chromium steel with approx. 1% C and 1.5% Cr. Longitudinal section. Etch: Picral 500× More
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Published: 01 December 1992
Fig. 7 Scanning electron micrograph of case-hardened core fracture boundary of second fracture surface. 235×. More
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Published: 01 December 1992
Fig. 8 Scanning electron micrograph of case-hardened fracture surface where local cleavage occurred. 2000×. More
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Published: 01 December 1992
Fig. 12 Fracture surface of subsized impact coupon prepared from the hardened perimeter of the axle, showing cleavage rupture with river patterns. 3400×. More
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Published: 01 December 1993
Fig. 12 Microstructure of the case-hardened gear teeth, consisting of martensite and dispersed carbides along with a few manganese sulfide inclusions. The average hardness is 55 HRC. Nital etchant. (a) 154×(b) 616× More