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Food processing

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Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001336
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... assemblies began to corrode at the outer pipe bends within 2 days of installation. A simultaneous darkening of the processed food product suggested that corrosion was also occurring at the pipe inner bends. No changes in the regular service schedules or the regular maintenance schedules were reported...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.homegoods.c0091857
EISBN: 978-1-62708-222-8
... of a stand-off washer between the wavy washer and the bottom shoulders of the blade or modification of the shape of the wavy washer to prevent contact with the blade shoulders was recommended. Design Food processing Mixer blades Cold-formed 300 series stainless steel (Austenitic wrought stainless...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001274
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... microwave food tray collapsed with hot food in it. Microscopic examination of the failed tray revealed no structural or material defects. Five additional trays of like construction were also tested to determine the conditions necessary to simulate the permanent deflection of the tray handles that had...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c9001168
EISBN: 978-1-62708-219-8
... Abstract Steel pipes, used for years in a food factory soft water preheater, were found to leak as a result of corrosion. The pipes, made of 18/8 steel, were immersed in steam maintained at 0.5 atm and 150 deg C. They carried desalinated process water, heating it to approximately 100 deg C...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c9001150
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
.... Had the poor transverse properties of thick-section plate been recognized, and all the bars properly cut with respect to the rolling direction, the premature fractures would not have occurred. Diffusers Food processing Rolling direction Steel plate Fe-0.18C-1.10Mn Fe-0.20C-1.04Mn Brittle...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.modes.c9001593
EISBN: 978-1-62708-234-1
... in several demanding applications including food processing, medical components, and fluid handling. 1 The polysulfone body of the failed sensor had been injection molded around a tubular stainless steel insert to form the final component. Background information obtained on the application showed...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.modes.c9001604
EISBN: 978-1-62708-234-1
... Background A food manufacturer uses SO 2 vapor generated in a heat exchanger ( Fig. 1 ) as part of a processing step. The heat exchanger is approximately 0.45 m in diameter and 2.5 m tall. The SO 2 liquid enters the heat exchanger approximately 28 cm from the bottom tubesheet. A sketch of the heat...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006939
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
..., with maximum migration observed when acetic acid was used as a food simulant ( Ref 185 ). Food packaging ZnO quantum dots in a polystyrene film or a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) gel Purified colloidal ZnO quantum dots were dissolved in polystyrene and cast as films; alternatively, PVP-capped ZnO quantum...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006935
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... vacuum and pressure forming are used for high-volume production of low-cost food containers, trays, and cups, using both solid and foamed starting materials. Twin-sheet forming is very similar to blow molding, except that instead of using a hot tube as the starting point, it uses two plastic sheets...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006868
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... recreation, and for military applications. They can be fabricated under sterile conditions, allowing for sanitary handling and preservation of foods, and for specialized medical components to be used in the operating arena during life-saving procedures. The process of developing a part to be manufactured...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006925
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
...-injection-molded polyurethane, both unfilled and filled (20% glass flakes parallel to the flow direction of the mold-filling process). Data supplied by Mobay Corp. (d) Reinforced with 40 wt% glass fibers. (e) Typical property value ranges for diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A epoxy (refer to text...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006838
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
... Abstract This article provides an overview of metal additive manufacturing (AM) processes and describes sources of failures in metal AM parts. It focuses on metal AM product failures and potential solutions related to design considerations, metallurgical characteristics, production...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001808
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... is usually associated with colonies of bacteria near a food source, often in an anaerobic environment. On carbon steel, the colonies produce biofilm and tubercles with their metabolic excretion products corroding the metal. The observed corrosion and the background were consistent with MIC. Inherent...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001034
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
... chemicals and food products are often made from type 316L stainless steel. In the manufacture of these trailers, the inteiiors are polished to match the finish of the original steel, and great care is taken to avoid the formation of scratches and crevices that could serve as initation sites for corrosion...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006915
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... (PVDC) enhance absorption of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and water but its tightly packed chain arrangement restricts diffusion of these species. Thus, PVDC films (commonly used as plastic wrap) are extremely valuable in food packaging. As shown in Fig. 20 , permeability can also be inhibited...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.marine.c9001703
EISBN: 978-1-62708-227-3
..., it exhibits a ductile to brittle transition which can result in low fracture toughness at room temperature ( 1 ). This steel is a general purpose grade typically used in food processing and chemical containment. Although ferritic grades have very good resistance to sustained load cracking ( 2...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006811
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
.... The conclusion of this article presents several case studies illustrating the various failure modes discussed throughout. bone plates bone screws cardiovascular implants corrosion failure analysis fracture orthopedic implants surgical tools wear History and Benefits The United States Food...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006922
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... transparent does the material have to be? Does it need to be water-clear, or can it be translucent? What regulatory requirements need to be met? For example: NSF/ANSI for water contact FDA for food contact USP for pharmaceuticals RoHS that restricts the use of 10 substances in plastic...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006917
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... morphology, without evidence of such microductility. Often the SEM examination reveals the presence of multiple, otherwise unseen individual crack-initiation sites clustered in close proximity ( Fig. 16 ). Housings from pumps used for a food processing application failed during service. The housings had...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003515
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
.... Nondestructive evaluation is used in that context in this section. Attention is restricted to structural components, but applications exist in a wide range of other industries such as electronic, agricultural, food processing, biomedical, and so forth. Quantitative interpretation is an important issue...