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Banded structure

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Image
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 8 Connecting end of forged rod, with banded structure from excessive segregation in the billet (Example 2). (a) Rod end showing locations of fractures at rough-ground areas at the parting line; in view A-A, dashed lines denote a rough-ground area, arrow points to a liquid-penetrant More
Image
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 Connecting end of forged rod, with banded structure from excessive segregation in the billet (Example 2). (a) Rod end showing locations of fractures at rough-ground areas at the parting line; in view A-A, dashed lines denote a rough-ground area, arrow points to a liquid-penetrant More
Image
Published: 01 December 1992
Fig. 3 Central longitudinal zone of sample 2, showing banded structure of white ferrite and dark unresolved pearlite with MnS inclusions (light gray). 2% nital etch. 200×. More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c0089459
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
... marks to be the rough ground surface. An incipient crack 9.5 mm along with several other cracks on one of the fractured rods was revealed by liquid penetration examination. Metallographic examination of the fractured rods indicated a banded structure consisting of zones of ferrite and pearlite...
Image
Published: 30 August 2021
Fig. 62 Micrograph showing banded ferrite-pearlite structure and corrosion damage at outer edge of the failed tube. Original magnification: 200× More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001811
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... to be homogenous and had no banded structure. However, x-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the presence of up to 6% retained austenite which likely caused the tube to buckle during the 910 °C heat treating procedure. tube buckling retained austenite bainitic steel distortion x-ray diffraction analysis...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.machtools.c0089456
EISBN: 978-1-62708-223-5
... Banded structure Chemical segregation Forging dies D5 UNS T30405 Metalworking-related failures A cross-recessed die of D5 tool steel fractured in service. The die face was subjected to shear and tensile stresses as a result of the forging pressures from the material being worked. Figure 1...
Image
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 5 Low load hardness values of the segregation band and neighbouring structure. 200 × More
Image
Published: 01 December 1992
Fig. 4 Extent of banding in the structure of the segment. Nital etched. 31×. More
Image
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 10 Cross-section of pot outer surface in area D showing intersection of surface with banded structure, indicating loss of material from outer surface, nital etch; 63×. More
Image
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 11 Center portion of pot cross-section in area D showing that the banded structure of the hot rolled steel has been partially eliminated by subsequent heating; nital etch; 63×. More
Image
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 7 A D5 tool steel forging die that failed in service because of segregation. (a) Hardness traverse correlated with the microstructure of the die. (b) Section through one arm of the cross on the recessed die face showing a severely segregated (banded) structure. Etched with 5% nital. (c More
Image
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 A D5 tool steel forging die that failed in service because of segregation. (a) Hardness traverse correlated with the microstructure of the die. (b) Section through one arm of the cross on the recessed die face showing a severely segregated (banded) structure. Etched with 5% nital. (c More
Image
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 5 Type 430 stainless steel hot rolled to various percentages of reduction showing development of a banded structure consisting of alternate layers of ferrite (light) and martensite (dark) as the amount of hot work is increased. (a) 63% reduction. (b) 81% reduction. (c) 94% reduction. 55 More
Image
Published: 30 August 2021
Fig. 4 Type 430 stainless steel hot rolled to various percentages of reduction showing development of a banded structure consisting of alternate layers of ferrite (light) and martensite (dark) as the amount of hot work is increased. (a) 63% reduction. (b) 81% reduction. (c) 94% reduction More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.steel.c9001490
EISBN: 978-1-62708-232-7
... structure, indicating loss of material from outer surface, nital etch; 63×. Fig. 11 Center portion of pot cross-section in area D showing that the banded structure of the hot rolled steel has been partially eliminated by subsequent heating; nital etch; 63×. Fig. 12 The inner surface...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c9001135
EISBN: 978-1-62708-219-8
... used in structural applications. Testing showed an increase in hardness and weight percent carbon and manganese in the banded region. Further testing revealed that the area containing the segregation and coarse grain structure had a lower than expected toughness and a transition temperature 90 deg F...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.chem.c0048795
EISBN: 978-1-62708-220-4
... in the structure of the flange forging was revealed by examination. A greater susceptibility to cracking was interpreted from the higher hardenability found within the bands. Stress relief was concluded to have not been performed at the specified temperature level (by hardness and impact tests) which caused...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.modes.c9001455
EISBN: 978-1-62708-234-1
..., although in general, showing a banded structure, is also characterised by a layer of re-crystallised material having an equiaxed structure on the external surfaces. Initial corrosion in this layer takes an intergranular path and exfoliation does not occur until corrosion has reached the banded material...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001291
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... the chromium plating had been left intact. Microstructural Analysis The general microstructure was that of a low-alloy ultrahigh-strength steel, consisting of a fine-grained tempered martensite with few inclusions. Slight banding ( Fig. 8 ) of the structure was observed, consistent with mild alloy...