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Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.aero.c9001560
EISBN: 978-1-62708-217-4
... Abstract Military aircraft use a cartridge ignition system for emergency engine starts. Analysis of premature failures of steel (AISI 4340) breech chambers in which the solid propellant cartridges were burned identified corrosion as one problem with an indication that stress-corrosion cracking...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.aero.c9001538
EISBN: 978-1-62708-217-4
... Abstract Examination of a cracked nose landing gear cylinder made of AISI 4340 Cr-Mo-Ni alloy steel proved that the part started to fail on the inside diam. When the nucleus of the stress-corrosion crack was studied in detail, iron oxide was found on the fracture surface. A 6500x micrograph...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.aero.c9001540
EISBN: 978-1-62708-217-4
... Abstract Ground maintenance personnel discovered hydraulic fluid leaking from two small cracks in a main landing gear cylinder made from AISI 4340 Cr-Mo-Ni alloy steel. Failure of the part had initiated on the ID of the cylinder. Numerous cracks were found under the chromium plate. A 6500x...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.aero.c9001542
EISBN: 978-1-62708-217-4
... Abstract A nose landing gear cylinder made from AISI 4340 Ni-Cr-Mo alloy steel was found cracked and leaking, causing partial depressurization. Investigation revealed the crack to be a stress-corrosion type, judging by the 6500x electron fractograph. It had started in a region of concentrated...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.modes.c0091096
EISBN: 978-1-62708-234-1
... Abstract A 4340 steel shaft, the driving member of a large rotor subject to cyclic loading and frequent overloads, broke after three weeks of operation. The driving shaft contained a shear groove at which the shaft should break if a sudden high overload occurred, thus preventing damage...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c0047823
EISBN: 978-1-62708-236-5
... Abstract High-horsepower electric motors were utilized to drive large compressors (made of 4340 steel shafts and gear-type couplings) required in a manufacturing process. The load was transmitted by two keys 180 deg apart. Six of the eight compressor shafts were found cracked in a keyway...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001539
EISBN: 978-1-62708-236-5
... Abstract Overhaul mechanics discovered a crack in an AISI 4340 Cr-Mo-Ni alloy steel pivot bolt when grinding off the chromium plating. The bolt had served for an estimated 10,000 h and was replated when last overhauled. On checking the bolt, several fine cracks were found on the surface...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c0049797
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
... Abstract An AISI 4340 threaded steel connecting rod that was part of a connecting linkage used between a parachute and an instrumented drop test assembly fractured under high dynamic loading when the assembly was dropped from an airplane. A large flaw that originated from the root of a machined...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001384
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... tempered martensite, which is normal for a 4340 steel heat treated to an ultimate tensile strength of 1520 MPa (220 ksi). Evidence of hydrogen-induced stepwise cracking was observed along the fracture surface and at the thread roots ( Fig. 4 ). The presence of hairline indications along grain facets...
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 AISI 4340 alloy steel draw-in bolt failed near the threads that screw into the collet. The collet fractured when it struck the work table of the vertical-spindle milling machine. More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 Corrosion fatigue of a 4340 steel helicopter rotor assembly. (a) Horizontal hinge pin. (b) Nut. (c) Locking washers. (d) and (e) Views of the hinge pin fracture surface. A beach mark is visible in (e). (f) Dent on one of the threaded surfaces of the horizontal hinge pin. (g) Corrosion More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 4340 steel rotor shaft that failed by torsional fatigue. (a) Shear groove designed to protect gear mechanism from sudden overload. Dimensions are in inches. (b) Star-shaped pattern on a fracture surface of the shaft. (c) Longitudinal and transverse shear cracks on the surface More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 Cadmium-plated 4340 steel ballast gas elbow assembly (a) with arrow showing hole where corrosion was found. (b) SEM of corrosion products on inside hole surface. 430x More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 Fracture surface of a 4340 steel steering knuckle flange that failed in service by fatigue. Arrows indicate fracture origins. More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 4340 steel compressor shaft that fractured because of peeling-type fatigue cracking. (a) Configuration and dimensions (given in inches). (b) and (c) Photographs showing crack path, failure origin, and beach marks on fracture surfaces of shaft and key More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 Scoring damage caused by chipping of chromium plating on a 4340 steel cylinder. (a) Scoring on the cylinder. (b) Scoring on a mating cast aluminum alloy B850-T5 bearing adapter. (c) Cross section through a deep score mark in the aluminum alloy adapter revealing a large embedded particle More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 Optical micrograph of AISI 4340 steel threaded fracture surface. Arrow points to flaw. More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.modes.c0006417
EISBN: 978-1-62708-234-1
... Abstract A cadmium-plated 4340 Ni-Cr-Mo steel ballast elbow assembly was submitted for failure analysis to determine the element or radical present in an oxidation product found inside the elbow assembly. Energy-dispersive x-ray analysis in the SEM showed that iron was the predominant species...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.aero.c0046870
EISBN: 978-1-62708-217-4
... Abstract A hollow, splined alloy steel aircraft shaft (machined from an AMS 6415 steel forging – approximately the same composition as 4340 steel – then quenched and tempered to a hardness of 44.5 to 49 HRC) cracked in service after more than 10,000 h of flight time. The inner surface...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.aero.c0006444
EISBN: 978-1-62708-217-4
... Abstract Helicopter rotor blade components that included the horizontal hinge pin, the associated nut, and the locking washer were examined. Visual examination of the submitted parts revealed that the hinge pin, fabricated from 4340 steel, was broken and that the fracture face showed a flat...