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Image
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 9 Two portions of a modified type 403 stainless steel steam turbine blade damaged by liquid impingement erosion. The portion at left was protected by a shield of 1 mm (0.04 in.) thick rolled Stellite 6B brazed onto the leading edge of the blade; the portion at right was unprotected More
Image
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 22 A single-origin corrosion-fatigue crack in type 403 stainless steel exposed to steam showing rubbed origin (arrow) and beach marks. Scanning electron fractograph (secondary electron image). 60× More
Image
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 31 Micrograph of type 403 stainless steel as-forged. The microstructure is predominantly a mixture of carbide particles in a matrix of ferrite. No evidence of quenching and tempering was observed. High- and low-temperature oxidation can be observed on the surface of the sample and within More
Image
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 47 Micrograph of type 403 stainless steel as quenched and tempered. The microstructure is predominantly tempered martensite, with cracking promoted by the seam. 100×; Vilella's reagent. Source: Ref 27 More
Image
Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 9 Two portions of a modified type 403 stainless steel steam turbine blade damaged by liquid impingement erosion. The portion at left was protected by a 1 mm (0.04 in.) thick shield made of rolled Stellite 6B brazed onto the leading edge of the blade; the portion at right was unprotected More
Image
Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 22 Single-origin corrosion-fatigue crack in type 403 stainless steel exposed to steam showing rubbed origin (arrow) and beach marks. Scanning electron fractograph (secondary electron image). Original magnification: 60× More
Book Chapter

By N.A. Fleck
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001358
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... Abstract Several compressor diaphragms from five gas turbines cracked after a short time in service. The vanes were constructed of type 403 stainless steel, and welding was performed using type 309L austenitic stainless steel filler metal. The fractures originated in the weld heat-affected...
Image
Published: 30 August 2021
Fig. 5 Micrographs of cracks after heat treatment caused by seams in the steel. (a) Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) 8630 steel as-quenched; microstructure is martensite where cracking initiated from rolling seam (b) SAE type 403 stainless steel as-quenched and tempered; microstructure More
Image
Published: 30 August 2021
steel as-quenched and tempered; microstructure is tempered martensite with quench crack at the radius. 3% nital etch. Original magnification: 100×. (c) SAE 8630 steel as-quenched; microstructure is martensite where cracking initiated from rolling seam. (d) SAE type 403 stainless steel as-quenched More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001757
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... is consistent with 403 stainless steel. Quantitative chemical compositions of compressor rotor blades are summarized in Table 2 for comparison with the nominal chemical composition of STS403. The measured composition seems to be in agreement with the nominal composition of STS403. Nominal and measured...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.modes.c9001671
EISBN: 978-1-62708-234-1
... structure with a relative hardness of 790 HK (25gf load). This sub-layer has an apparent unresolved substructure after etching. A second layer, which is occasionally reported, is a lower carbon containing austenitic layer with a hardness of 403 HK which lacks any evidence of being influenced by etching...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001672
EISBN: 978-1-62708-236-5
... , Metals Park, OH , pp. 403 – 410 ( 1985 ). 6. Ewalds H. L. and Wanhill R.J.H. , Fracture Mechanics , Edward Arnold , p. 173 ( 1984 ). 7. Bursle A. J. and Pugh E. N. , “An Evaluation of Current Models for the Propagation of Stress-Corrosion Cracks,” Environmental...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001379
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... not independently contribute to premature failure of the bolt. Generally, the bolts from the inventory exhibited higher torque failure values (averaging 546 N m, or 403 ft . lbf) when compared to the bolts from the field (averaging 469 N m, or 346 ft . lbf). Stress Durability Testing To investigate...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001848
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
.... : Identification of failure mechanisms of H13 die on relation to the forging process—a case study of brass gas valves . Eng. Fail. Anal . 17 , 403 – 415 ( 2010 ) 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2009.08.015 6. Njeh F. , Kchaou M. , Elleuch R. , Hallouani F. : Failure modes of die used...
Book Chapter

By Thomas A. Adler
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003568
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... shield of Stellite 6B; the other portion (at right, Fig. 9 ) was unprotected type 403 (modified) stainless steel. The shield, made of 1 mm (0.04 in.) thick rolled strip and brazed onto the leading edge, resisted erosion quite effectively, but the unprotected base metal did not. Fig. 9 Two...
Book Chapter

By N. Fujisawa, R. Morita
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006796
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
.... , Vol 47 , 2010 , p 314 – 321 10.1080/18811248.2010.9711960 11. Ikohagi T. , On Evaluation of LDI Erosion Rate Based on Fluid/Solid Coupled Simulation , Eighth Int. Conf. Flow Dynamics , 2011 , p 402 – 403 12. Li R. , Ninokata H. , and Mori M. , A Numerical...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.mech.c9001530
EISBN: 978-1-62708-225-9
.... Sci. Technol. , 1993 , 9 , pp. 403 – 07 . 8. Davis F.A. and Eyre T.S. : “Wear of Plain Bearing Materials With Particular Reference to Soft Phases,” Mater. Sci. Technol. , 1991 , 7 , pp. 746 – 56 . 9. Anon : Metals Handbook , Properties and Selection of Materials...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.power.c9001515
EISBN: 978-1-62708-229-7
.... The CANDU Fuel Channel The fuel channels of CANDU reactors consist of a pressure tube (about 6 m long, 103 mm inside diameter and 4 mm wall thickness) made of Zr-2.5Nb, attached to the heattransport system by a mechanical joint with a 403 stainless steel end fitting, and surrounded by a thin Zircaloy-2...
Book Chapter

By R.H. Richman
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003570
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... rainstorms. Much research has been devoted to liquid-droplet erosion, and good summaries can be found in Ref 2 and 7 . The standard blade material in steam turbines manufactured all over the world is martensitic steel containing 12 to 13% Cr (similar to types 403 and 410) and a variety of secondary...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.power.c9001609
EISBN: 978-1-62708-229-7
... , American Society for Metals , Metals Park, OH , 1973 , pp. 403 . 16. Anon. : “ Alloy 430 Time-Temperature-Transformation Phase Diagram ,” Carpenter Technology , Reading, PA . 17. Peckner D. and Bernstein I.M. : Handbook of Stainless Steel , McGraw-Hill , New York, NY , 1977...