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Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.conag.c0048596
EISBN: 978-1-62708-221-1
...-bolts fractured in fatigue because the bolt material had poor hardenability relative to the diam of the bolts. The bolt material was changed from 1045 steel to 1527 steel, a warm-finished low-alloy steel. The diameter of the bolts was reduced to 27.2 mm and the threads were rolled rather than cut...
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 Fitting for attaching dual wheels to a tractor axle that failed when 1045 steel U-bolts in the assembly were overstressed. The bolts failed because of poor hardenability relative to their diameter. More
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Published: 30 August 2021
Fig. 11 Overheated surface on SAE 1045 steel showing excessive grain growth and cracking. Hardness at a depth of 250 μm was HRC 59. Source Ref 7 More
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Published: 30 August 2021
Fig. 7 Fitting for attaching dual wheels to a tractor axle that failed when 1045 steel U-bolts in the assembly were overstressed. The bolts failed because of poor hardenability relative to their diameter. More
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Published: 30 August 2021
Fig. 4 S - N curve for 1045 steel. Adapted from Ref 6 More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.steel.c0047406
EISBN: 978-1-62708-232-7
... Abstract A cast countershaft pinion on a car puller for a blast furnace broke after one month of service; expected life was 12 months. The pinion was specified to be made of 1045 steel heat treated to a hardness of 245 HRB. The pinion steel was analyzed and was a satisfactory alternative...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001073
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
... the original (and specified) material was medium-carbon 1045 steel. The low-carbon steel also had lower hardness because of a lower pearlite fraction in the microstructure. It was recommended that replacement sprockets be made of normalized 1045 steel. It was further suggested that wear resistance could...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.rail.c9001138
EISBN: 978-1-62708-231-0
... effects, failure of the thread structure of the clevis occurred. The failure occurred where the cylinder rod screws into the clevis. The rod was manufactured from 1045 steel. Cylinder rods Fretting fatigue Galling Railroad wheels 1045 UNS G10450 Fatigue fracture Fretting wear A. Design...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.design.c0047850
EISBN: 978-1-62708-233-4
... Abstract The fan drive support shaft, specified to be made of cold-drawn 1040 to 1045 steel, fractured after 2240 miles of service. It was revealed by visual examination of the shaft that the fracture had initiated near the fillet at an abrupt change in shaft diameter. The cracks originated...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c0090988
EISBN: 978-1-62708-236-5
... the requirements for a grade 1045 medium-carbon, plain carbon steel. Investigation (visual inspection, chemical analysis, 2% nital etched 119x images, and tension testing) supported the conclusion that the cylinder pipe burst in a mixed brittle-ductile manner due to overpressurization. It is likely...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001378
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... Abstract Two 38 mm (1.5 in.) diam threaded stud bolts that were part of a steel mold die assembly from a plastics molding operation were examined to determine their serviceability. Chemical analysis showed the material to be a plain carbon steel that approximated 1045. Visual examination...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001382
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... and surface groove located at midspan. Drillings machined from the bolt underwent chemical analysis, which confirmed that the material was AISI 1045 carbon steel, in accordance with specifications. Two sections cut from the bolt were subjected to metallographic examination and hardness testing. The fracture...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001766
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... analysis conducted using optical emission and combustion techniques confirmed the chemistry conformed to the limits of AISI 1045. Hardness testing and metallographic evaluation ( Fig. 7 ) revealed that the properties were consistent with bar stock in the normalized condition, as-specified. A higher...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c9001595
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
... are included to illustrate these applications. Thermal response ASTM A232 UNS K15047 ASTM A572 grade 50 UNS K02303 1045 UNS G10450 ASTM A36 UNS K02599 Brittle fracture Joining-related failures The Basics of Hardenability The primary characteristic of steel that allows property...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001074
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
... stainless steel as a single-piece investment casting with minimal machining. The heat treatment specified on the part was as follows: Normalizing the unmachined castings by heating to 1045 °C (1915 °F) and soaking for 4 h, followed by air cooling. This was repeated twice. Hardening the machined...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001763
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... ] all data are cited from web sites: http://www.efunda.com/materials AISI code Tensile strength, MPa Yield strength, MPa Fatigue strength a , MPa Equivalent fully reversed stress, MPa Impact energy, J Heat treatment condition 1045 655 585 328 450 … Standard, cold drawn. BHN...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001780
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
..., since all will have lower interface bonding strength than the bulk material to itself. A comparison with carbon steels of the same strength level (i.e., AISI 1035–1045) was performed whenever possible. The quenched and tempered condition at a hardness level of 30–50 HRC is a common application...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0001812
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
...: Fatigue Fracture of 1045 Steel U-Bolts on a Tractor Fitting When a farm tractor is to be used on sticky or wet soils, it is common practice to attach dual driving wheels to the rear axles of the tractor by using fittings such as that shown in Fig. 8 . SAE, grade 5, U-bolts are used to fasten...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006805
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
... alloy content. Also, the tensile strength and endurance limit were lower than specified and were inadequate for the application. Corrective Measure The material for the cap screw was changed from modified 1035 steel to 5140 steel. Example 3: Fatigue Fracture of 1045 Steel U-Bolts on a Tractor...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006794
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
..., and optical microscopy are usually used to observe and analyze the worn surface. For example, strain rate can markedly influence the fracture toughness of cold-worked alloys in addition to their hardness. Figure 5 illustrates surface morphologies of cold-worked AISI 1045 medium-carbon steel samples...