Search Results for metallurgy

This article, the first in a two-part series, explains how powder metallurgy presents a cost-effective alternative to conventional titanium fabrication processes. It reviews the characteristics of different types of titanium powders and compares and contrasts near-net shape (NNS) production techniques, including conventional press-and-sinter, cold isostatic pressing (CIP), hot isostatic pressing (HIP), CIP-sinter, and CIP-sinter-HIP (CHIP). Other titanium production methods are covered in Part 2, which is scheduled for the October 2012 issue of AM&P .

This article is the second in a two-part series on cost-saving methods for the production of titanium components. Part 1, published in the September 2012 issue of AM&P , covered a number of powder metallurgy techniques, including press-and-sinter and both cold and hot isostatic pressing. Other near-net shape processes are described here, including additive layer manufacturing (ALM), metal injection molding (MIM), and spray deposition (SD). Examples are also given showing how titanium PM parts compare with cast and wrought components.

This introduction to the metallurgy of flatware describes the grades and qualities of metals used in typical cutlery and the reasons to choose one set over another.

Powder metallurgy offers distinct advantages for the production of certain alloys. The degree to which contents of the alloy may be prescribed represents tremendous potential and supports alloy use in new applications. However, robust testing of powder metallurgy alloys is required to assess their potential and quality. Fatigue testing via the resonance principle enables metallurgists to achieve greater throughput in testing programs, while novel hardness testing platforms support analysis of individual phases in porous powder metallurgy specimens.

A unique collaboration brings together university and industry stakeholders to conduct basic and applied physical metallurgy research on nonferrous structural alloys. This article provides a brief overview of the Center for Advanced Non-Ferrous Structural Alloys (CANFSA), summarizes current research efforts, and describes the types of industry-university interactions within CANFSA.

Significant advancements in metallurgy were highlighted at a special symposium presented at the Materials Science & Technology 2016 conference in Salt Lake City. This article summarizes the topics presented. All six speakers shared examples of the importance of understanding how the specific manufacturing process affects microstructure development in metals. The fundamental understanding of microstructure allows metallurgists to select manufacturing processes and schedules to tailor the microstructure, and therefore mechanical properties and performance, for a particular component.

Forensic metallurgy investigations in archaeology and aerospace engineering follow similar technical protocols but serve different objectives. Archaeometallurgical analyses focus on artifact provenance and cultural heritage management with minimal invasive sampling, while aerospace investigations prioritize rapid failure analysis for operational problems. Four case studies illustrate the approaches: noninvasive macrophotographic analysis of an ancient silver cup revealed stress corrosion cracking, noninvasive investigation of a Boeing 747 accident identified fatigue failure in fuse pins due to inadequate load knowledge, invasive lead isotope analysis successfully provenanced Chinese bronzes using kernel density methods, and comprehensive testing of F-16 wing bolts ruled out hydrogen embrittlement. Both fields employ similar analytical techniques, including microscopy, fractography, and chemical analysis, but differ in sampling constraints, time pressures, and reporting goals, with successful investigations in both domains requiring interdisciplinary teamwork.

Edgar Bain pioneered the study of the reaction of austenite to lower temperature phases during isothermal transformation, resulting in a new phase named in his honor—Bainite.

Samuel Leslie Hoyt was one of the earliest metallurgists to receive his advanced training in Europe. He was involved in many of the key metallurgical developments in the middle part of the 20th century and also wrote about the achievements of his peers in the book Men of Metals.

A powder metallurgy and hot isostatic pressing technology offers a new way to manufacture high pressure-retaining components for use in the power-generation industry.

The unique metallurgy and microstructure of Cu-Ni-Sn spinodal alloys provide a combination of strength, toughness, hardness, and corrosion resistance, suiting them for applications ranging from bearings, bushings, and friction surfaces in all sorts of machinery to electrical connectors and EMI shielding gaskets.

Laser surface modification (LSM) techniques provide new pathways to improving the performance of engineered structures and components, either by altering surface metallurgy or chemistry or by adding a functional surface layer.

News about ASM members, chapters, events, awards, conferences, affiliates, and other society activities. Topics include: Jacqueline M. Earle to chair the 2018 ASM Nominating Committee; the December issue of Shape Memory & Superelasticity honored Shuichi Miyazaki; ASM releases the book The History of Metals in America by Charles Simcoe, based on the “Metallurgy Lane” article series in AM&P; ASM launches new digital education course on mechanical properties; professional profile for Véronique Vitry; volunteer profile for Ben Flocken.

The Oregon Graduate Center−later named the Oregon Graduate Institute−played a significant role in metallurgy in the Northwest for nearly four decades. This article reviews important work done by the organization in the second half of the twentieth century.

Metallurgy Lane is a series developed to share the history of the U.S. metals and materials industries along with key milestones and developments. This debut article explores early ironmaking activity and how the U.S. steel industry rose out of the iron plants of the nation's colonial past.

Development of wear-resistant hardfacing materials using powder metallurgy/hot isostatic pressing technology offers an alternative to today's cobalt-based materials and those that suffer delamination damage. Ongoing research and development at the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), detailed in this article, examines the application of wear-resistant hardfacing materials using the PM/HIP process. The hope is to eliminate weldability and residual stress challenges associated with some hardfacing alloys, as well as to provide a wider range of potential alloy solutions to reduce cobalt use and to address delamination issues with incumbent materials.

Although the widespread use of titanium alloys is constrained by high costs, powder metallurgy techniques such as additive manufacturing (AM) represent an economical approach to fabricating titanium components. Various approaches to AM, along with examples of components made by different AM processes, are presented. The microstructures and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V produced by AM are also discussed and compared with cast and wrought products. Finally, the economic advantages of AM compared to conventional processing are presented.

News about ASM members, chapters, events, awards, conferences, affiliates, and other society activities. Topics include: MS&T 2014 lecturers announced; dedication ceremonies held for two 2013 ASM Historical Landmarks. ASM Student Board Members names for 2014-2015; the National Institute of Standards and Technology celebrated the 100th anniversary of its metallurgy division; volunteer profile for Arun Kumar.

Throughout metal making history, nothing has exceeded the technical importance, scientific complexity, and human curiosity involved in the hardening of steel. After the bustling 1890s, with its exciting and productive discoveries around steel metallography, a period of quiet consolidation occurred in the early 20th century. This article describes the breakthroughs in steel metallurgy that occurred after this period by such pioneers as William Chandler Roberts-Austen, Adolf Martens, Henry Marion Howe, and Edgar C. Bain.

One of the greatest advances in modern metallurgy was the discovery of a steel that does not rust, which occurred after research into high chromium steels began. French researchers began adding chromium or nickel to heat treated alloy steels during the 1880s and 1890s, while German researchers began combining chromium with nickel in the 1890s. This article recounts the early history of stainless steel.