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Journal Articles
AM&P Technical Articles (2013) 171 (5): 49–51.
Published: 01 May 2013
...Gopal Dwivedi; Vaishak Viswanathan; Sanjay Sampath This article discusses some of the newer thermal barrier coating materials being considered for use in gasified coal-based turbines and how they compare with conventional materials in terms of bond coat oxidation and topcoat damage due to particle...
Journal Articles
AM&P Technical Articles (2018) 176 (5): 40–43.
Published: 01 July 2018
.... The manufacturing characteristics of the bond coatings are substantially affected by the spray facilities and process parameters used, which are employed to produce metallic bond coatings with different oxidation kinetics during thermal exposure in air (service). Low pressure plasma spray, or LPPS (a derivative...
Journal Articles
AM&P Technical Articles (2012) 170 (5): 54–56.
Published: 01 May 2012
... being considered for blade tip coating systems, including NiCoCrAlY bond coats and matrix layers with Hf, Re, or Si additions for better oxidation and creep resistance, embedded angular CBN particles for enhanced incursion of abradable shroud coatings, and double or Pt aluminide topcoats for extended...
Journal Articles
AM&P Technical Articles (2012) 170 (5): 52.
Published: 01 May 2012
...Bruce A. Pint; J. Allen Hayness This article discusses the influence of water vapor on the performance of YSZ thermal barrier coatings, particularly the oxidation resistance of the bond coat. Copyright © ASM International® 2012 2012 ASM International oxidation resistance water vapor YSZ...
Journal Articles
AM&P Technical Articles (2020) 178 (5): 56–60.
Published: 01 July 2020
... and bonding, all at solid state. This differentiates CS from thermal spray processes, allowing the spraying of temperature-sensitive materials due to the absence of melting and oxide inclusion. Even when gas temperatures up to 1000°C are used, the de Laval nozzles used in CS rapidly convert thermal energy...
Journal Articles
AM&P Technical Articles (2025) 183 (3): 38–39.
Published: 01 April 2025
.... 4. H. Vakilifard, et al., High Entropy Oxides as Promising Materials for Thermal Barrier Topcoats: A Review, J. Therm. Spray Technol., p 447 470, 2024. 5. W.R. Chen, et al., TGO Growth Behaviour in TBCs with APS and HVOF Bond Coats, Surf Coat Tech, 202(12), p 2677 2683, 2008. 6. R.S. Lima, B.M.H...
Journal Articles
AM&P Technical Articles (2016) 174 (4): 48.
Published: 01 April 2016
... stress in the as-sprayed 9 Residual stress coating, coating relaxation process monitoring 10 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Chemical bonding, presence of oxides 11 X-ray fluorescence Presence of oxide and nature of chemistry on coating surface 12 Auger electron spectroscopy Surface chemistry...
Journal Articles
AM&P Technical Articles (2012) 170 (8): 42–43.
Published: 01 August 2012
...Ralph Herber A high-velocity oxyfuel (HVOF) spray gun that operates on conventional (gas or kerosene) fuels as well as liquid-gas combinations is shown to be capable of producing MCrAlY bond coats consisting of a rough surface layer (for adhesion) on a dense base (for oxidation protection...
Journal Articles
AM&P Technical Articles (2019) 177 (8): 42–43.
Published: 01 November 2019
... photoelectron intensities. XPS typically probes to a depth of two to 20 atomic layers and, depending on the material, can be used to probe depths of 5 to 50 Å. This technique serves as a valuable tool in cold spray characterization to determine the oxidation or nitridation state of the coatings. In general...
Journal Articles
AM&P Technical Articles (2021) 179 (5): 53–54.
Published: 01 July 2021
... the indispensable role of characterization in the development of cold spray coatings and illustrates some of the common processes used during coating development. Dheepa Srinivasan Raman spectroscopy is a structural characterization tool used to evaluate the arrangement of bonding in a material. An intense...
Journal Articles
AM&P Technical Articles (2019) 177 (2): 38–41.
Published: 01 February 2019
.... Upon impact, a bond forms with the surface with subsequent particles causing thickness buildup. The technology can produce thick coatings at high deposition rates compared to other coating technologies such as electroplating and physical or chemical vapor deposition. Coating thicknesses from...
Journal Articles
AM&P Technical Articles (2013) 171 (2): 15–19.
Published: 01 February 2013
... such as metallographic preparation of thermal spray coatings remains without standardization. Furthermore, the aerospace industry has struggled to adopt a common set of definitions to evaluate coatings. Therefore, features such as oxides and porosity may be rated differently depending on the specification being used...
Journal Articles
AM&P Technical Articles (2013) 171 (5): 52–53.
Published: 01 May 2013
... coatings is the formation of protective oxide layers, alumina in the case of the aluminide treatments, and alumina and chromia in the case of Current energy need growth forecasts predict continued increase in demand for energy well into the 21st century. The largest portion of the forecasted growth MCrAlY...
Journal Articles
AM&P Technical Articles (2016) 174 (5): 24–27.
Published: 01 May 2016
..., making this technique suitable for depositing well bonded, low porosity, oxide-free coatings using a range of traditional and advanced materials on many types of substrates, especially in nontraditional, temperature-sensitive applications, such as high-value aerospace component repair. COLD SPRAY...
Journal Articles
AM&P Technical Articles (2016) 174 (10): 40–43.
Published: 01 November 2016
... at a small length scale and bond as coatings. At Sandia National Laboratories, fundamental experiments were performed to understand how submicron ceramic particles deform and present near the middle of the splat whereas gaps remain around splat edges. Subsequent particles impacting on the splatted anchor...
Journal Articles
AM&P Technical Articles (2017) 175 (4): 38–41.
Published: 01 May 2017
..., and lifecycle. The significance of the thermally grown oxide (TGO) that forms between the bond coat and ceramic overlay during service has been discussed extensively. The materials engineering approach has been to determine TGO growth rate and phase composition by measuring its thicknesses at specific...
Journal Articles
AM&P Technical Articles (2016) 174 (4): 44–45.
Published: 01 April 2016
... turbine inlet temperatures to improve efficiencies. Thermal barrier coating (TBC) systems consist of a heat-insulating ceramic coating such as a yttrium-stabilized zirconium oxide applied over an oxidation-resistant metallic bond coat, usually an MCrAlY, that results in reduced heat transfer to the base...
Journal Articles
AM&P Technical Articles (2017) 175 (5): 59–62.
Published: 01 July 2017
... lateral resolution (at the angstrom level) using TEM. Like x-ray diffraction and electron backscatter diffraction, TEM can yield quantitative information about the phase equilibria and phase evolution in the coating as well as its bonding mechanism. In TEM, a high-energy electron beam (100 to 300 kV...
Journal Articles
AM&P Technical Articles (2012) 170 (1): 36–37.
Published: 01 January 2012
... A nanotechnology-based multicomponent thermal spray coating system provides resistance to thermal cycling and thermal shock high-temperature strength; and resistance to degradation due to wear, impact, and oxidation. Originally developed as a coating for furnace rolls used in the production of steel strip...
Journal Articles
AM&P Technical Articles (2013) 171 (7): 17–21.
Published: 01 July 2013
... of the cladding with the base metal. This can improve corrosion resistance as well as enable use of thinner coatings at a given iron dilution concentration. Figure 5 is an EDX line scan showing both a metallurgical bond (interdiffusion zone) and low coating dilution. The reduced iron dilution and fast cooling...