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oxyfuel combustion
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Proceedings Papers
AM-EPRI2013, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Seventh International Conference, 881-891, October 22–25, 2013,
... Abstract Oxyfuel combustion is considered as one of the most promising technologies to facilitate CO 2 capture from flue gases. In oxyfuel combustion, the fuel is burned in a mixture of oxygen and recirculated flue gas. Flue gas recirculation increases the levels of fireside CO 2 , SO 2 , Cl...
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Oxyfuel combustion is considered as one of the most promising technologies to facilitate CO 2 capture from flue gases. In oxyfuel combustion, the fuel is burned in a mixture of oxygen and recirculated flue gas. Flue gas recirculation increases the levels of fireside CO 2 , SO 2 , Cl and moisture, and thus promotes fouling and corrosion. In this paper the corrosion performance of two superheater austenitic stainless steels (UNS S34710 and S31035) and one Ni base alloy (UNS N06617) has been determined in laboratory tests under simulated oxyfuel conditions with and without a synthetic carbonate based deposits (CaCO 3 - 15 wt% CaSO 4 , CaCO 3 - 14wt% CaSO 4 - 1 KCl) at 650 and 720°C up to 1000 hours. No carburization of the metal substrate was observed after exposure to simulated oxyfuel gas atmospheres without deposit, although some carbon enrichment was detected near the oxide metal interface. At 720°C a very thin oxide formed on all alloy surfaces while the weight changes were negative. This negative weight change observed is due to chromium evaporation in the moist testing condition. At the presence of deposits, corrosion accelerated and considerable metal loss of austenitic alloys was observed at 720°C. In addition, clear carburization of austenitic steel UNS S34710 occurred.
Proceedings Papers
AM-EPRI2010, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Sixth International Conference, 312-324, August 31–September 3, 2010,
... Abstract Oxyfuel combustion efforts to burn fossil fuels with oxygen, for easier post-combustion CO 2 capture, include schemes to use flue gas to drive turbines for power generation. The environment examined here is 10% CO 2 and 0.2% O 2 , with the balance being steam, with temperatures...
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Oxyfuel combustion efforts to burn fossil fuels with oxygen, for easier post-combustion CO 2 capture, include schemes to use flue gas to drive turbines for power generation. The environment examined here is 10% CO 2 and 0.2% O 2 , with the balance being steam, with temperatures ranging from 630 to 821 °C. The relatively high C and O 2 activities of this environment, as compared to pure steam, may lead to changes in oxidation behavior and mechanical properties. Oxidation coupons of Ni- and Co-base superalloys, in both bare metal and TBC coated conditions, were exposed to this environment for up to 1000 hours. The results of these exposures, in terms of mass gain and scale morphology, are presented.
Proceedings Papers
AM-EPRI2013, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Seventh International Conference, 1417-1421, October 22–25, 2013,
... on oxygen content in the gas mixtures. INTRODUCTION Oxyfuel combustion is one of the promising technologies that can capture CO2 effectively from fossil fuel-fired power plants. Pure oxygen is used instead of air for the combustion in the oxyfuel combustion process; the flue gas is enriched in CO2 and H2O...
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The high-temperature oxidation of Fe-9Cr-1Mo steel in a CO 2 environment, with varying oxygen content (0.6-3%), was investigated at 700°C. While the steel heavily oxidized in pure CO 2 , the oxidation mass gain decreased significantly with increasing oxygen content. Microscopic analysis revealed the formation of Fe-rich nodules with an internal Cr-carbide layer beneath them. Notably, the number of nodules decreased with increasing oxygen content but remained independent of the oxidation time. To explain these observations, the authors propose that “intrinsic” defects within the initially formed protective Cr 2 O 3 scale facilitated gas permeation. This mechanism is believed to be responsible for the observed dependence of nodule formation on the oxygen content in the gas mixtures.
Proceedings Papers
AM-EPRI2010, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Sixth International Conference, xv-xvi, August 31–September 3, 2010,
...-year effort, aimed at A-USC boiler and steam turbine material qualification, has been completed and follow on work under phase 2 is in progress. Additionally, material advancements are now being made to integrate these A-USC technologies with oxyfuel combustion as an attractive option for carbon...
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Preface for the 2010 Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants conference.
Proceedings Papers
AM-EPRI2013, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Seventh International Conference, 892-902, October 22–25, 2013,
.... Effect of Oxyfuel Combustion on Superheater Corrosion, NACE Paper 08-456, Houston, TX, presented at NACE Corrosion 2008, New Orleans, LA, March 2008. [4] Schulz, W., Huenert, D., Nitschke, H., Saliwan-Neumann, R., Kranzmann, A. Comparison of the corrosion behavior of 9-12% Cr steels in H2O, H2O-CO2...
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Using oxygen, rather than air, in coal-fired boilers has been studied for several years as a strategy to reduce NOx and concentrate CO 2 for capture. In combination with flue gas recirculation, higher levels of CO 2 are expected but increased H 2 O and SO 2 levels also may occur. In order to understand the role of substrate composition on corrosion, a combination of commercial and model alloys were investigated with synthetic coal ash and gas compositions simulating air- and oxyfiring environments. Exposure temperatures ranged from 600°-800°C to cover current operating temperatures up to advanced ultrasupercritical conditions. Using 500h exposures, no consistent negative effect was found for switching to the oxy-firing environment with the same synthetic ash. For model Fe-Cr alloys, 30%Cr was needed to form a thin protective reaction product across this temperature range. Among the commercial stainless steels, 310-type stainless steel showed low reaction rates with the maximum attack at 650°C. At higher temperatures, the depth of attack on Fe-base type 310 stainless steel was less than for Ni-base alloy 740. Initially, this difference was attributed to the Al and Ti additions in alloy 740. However, cast and hot rolled model Ni-18Cr and -22Cr alloys with various Al and Ti additions showed decreased metal loss with increasing Al and Ti additions in the oxy-firing environment at 700° and 800°C. As expected, metal loss was very sensitive to Cr content. A second set of model alloys also examined the effect of Co and Mo.
Proceedings Papers
AM-EPRI2010, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Sixth International Conference, 255-267, August 31–September 3, 2010,
.... In addition localised reducing conditions associated with poor combustion or the use of overfire air, which could become more prevalent in the more efficient oxyfuel fired plant, is known to lead to accelerated corrosion attack. The presence of free carbon in furnace ash deposits has been shown to exist over...
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This paper outlines a comprehensive UK-based research project (2007-2010) focused on developing fireside corrosion models for heat exchangers in ultra-supercritical plants. The study evaluates both conventional materials like T22 and advanced materials such as Super 304H, examining their behavior under various test environments with metal skin temperatures ranging from 425°C to 680°C. The research aims to generate high-quality data on corrosion behavior for materials used in both furnace and convection sections, ultimately producing reliable corrosion prediction models for boiler tube materials operating under demanding conditions. The project addresses some limitations of existing models for these new service conditions and provides a brief review of the fuels and test environments used in the program. Although modeling is still limited, preliminary results have been presented, focusing on predicting fireside corrosion rates for furnace walls, superheaters, and reheaters under various service environments. These environments include those created by oxyfuel operation, coal-biomass co-firing, and more traditional coal firing.
Proceedings Papers
AM-EPRI2016, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Eighth International Conference, 844-854, October 11–14, 2016,
....194-199. 24. Kranzmann, A., Neddemeyer, T., Ruhl, A. S., Huenert, D., Bettge, D., Oder, G., Saliwan Neumann, R., The challenge in understanding the corrosion mechanisms under oxyfuel combustion conditions, International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, Vol.5S, (2011), pp.S168 S178. 25. Gheno, T...
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In both direct- and indirect-fired supercritical CO 2 (sCO 2 ) cycles, there is considerable interest in increasing the size and efficiency of such systems, perhaps by increasing the peak temperature to >700°C. However, relatively little experimental data are available under these conditions with pressures of 200-300 bar. Furthermore, impurities such as O 2 and H 2 O in the CO 2 may greatly alter the compatibility of structural alloys in these environments. While an experimental rig is being constructed that can measure and control the impurity levels in sCO 2 at 200-300 bar, initial 1 bar experiments at 700°-800°C for 500 h have been conducted in high-purity and industrial grade CO 2 , CO 2 +0.15O 2 and CO 2 +10%H 2 O and compared to exposures in dry air and 200 bar sCO 2 . These results, focusing on Fe- and Ni-base structural alloys and commercial chromia- and alumina-forming alloys, indicate that modifications in the environment did not strongly affect the reaction products at 700°-800°C.
Proceedings Papers
AM-EPRI2013, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Seventh International Conference, 863-880, October 22–25, 2013,
... Abstract A combined pilot-scale combustion test and long-term laboratory study investigated the impact of oxy-firing on corrosion in coal-fired boilers. Four coals were burned under both air and oxy-firing conditions with identical heat input, with oxy-firing using flue gas recirculation unlike...
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A combined pilot-scale combustion test and long-term laboratory study investigated the impact of oxy-firing on corrosion in coal-fired boilers. Four coals were burned under both air and oxy-firing conditions with identical heat input, with oxy-firing using flue gas recirculation unlike air-firing. Despite higher SO 2 and HCl concentrations in oxy-firing, laboratory tests showed no increase in corrosion rates compared to air-firing. This is attributed to several factors: (1) Reduced diffusion: High CO 2 in oxy-firing densified the gas phase, leading to slower diffusion of corrosive species within the deposit. (2) Lower initial sulfate: Oxy-fired deposits initially contained less sulfate, a key hot corrosion culprit, due to the presence of carbonate. (3) Reduced basicity: CO 2 and HCl reduced the basicity of sulfate melts, leading to decreased dissolution of metal oxides and mitigating hot corrosion. (4) Limited carbonate/chloride formation: The formation of less corrosive carbonate and chloride solutes was restricted by low O 2 and SO 3 near the metal surface. These findings suggest that oxy-firing may not pose a greater corrosion risk than air-firing for boiler materials.
Proceedings Papers
AM-EPRI2013, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Seventh International Conference, 24-40, October 22–25, 2013,
... A-USC Net Thermal Efficiency 46 48% HHV Boiler Steam Turbine Biomass Co-Firing CO2 Recovery Oxyfuel Exhaust Gas 25MPa, 600 Boiler Steam Turbine USC Net Thermal Efficiency 42% HHV Figure 3 700deg-C class advanced USC (A-USC) 26 In the case study, we checked existing coal power plants in Japan...
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We have reported on the effort being done to develop the A-USC technology in Japan, which features the 700 deg-C steam condition, since the 2007 EPRI conference. Our 9 year project began in 2008. There have been some major changes in the electricity power market in the world recently. At first, the earthquake changed the power system violently in Japan. Almost all nuclear power plants have been shut down and natural gas, oil and coal power plants are working fully to satisfy the market's demands. In the USA, the so called ‘Shale gas revolution’ is going on. In Europe, they are working toward the target of reducing CO 2 emissions by the significant use of renewables with the backup of the fossil fuel power systems and enhancing power grids. A very rapid increase in power generation by coal is being observed in some countries. Despite some major changes in the electric sector in the world and the CO 2 problem, the global need for coal power generation is still high. We can reconfirm that the improvement of the thermal efficiency of coal power plants should be the most fundamental and important measure for the issues we are confronting today, and that continuous effort should be put towards it. Based on the study we showed at the 2007 conference, we developed 700 deg-C class technology mainly focusing on the material and manufacturing technology development and verification tests for key components such as boilers, turbines and valves. Fundamental technology developments have been done during the first half of the project term. Long term material tests such as creep rupture of base materials and welds will be conducted for 100,000hrs continuing after the end of the project with the joint effort of each participating company. Today, we are preparing the plan for the second half of the project, which is made up of boiler components test and the turbine rotating tests. Some boiler superheater panels, large diameter pipes and valves will be tested in a commercially operating boiler from 2015 to 2017. The turbine rotor materials which have the same diameter as commercial rotors will be tested at 700 deg-C and at actual speed.
Proceedings Papers
AM-EPRI2013, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Seventh International Conference, 9-23, October 22–25, 2013,
... in the ENEL coal fired power station Andrea Palladio , based in Fusina (north-east Italy). The rationale behind is that the 700°C technology is the pre-requisite for a successful deployment of the significant technology paths for carbon capture (i.e. post-combustion and oxyfuel requesting). Both technology...
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ENCIO (European Network for Component Integration and Optimization) is a European project aiming at qualifying materials, components, manufacturing processes, as well as erection and repair concepts, as follow-up of COMTES700 activities and by means of erecting and operating a new Test Facility. The 700°C technology is a key factor for the increasing efficiency of coal fired power plants, improving environmental and economic sustainability of coal fired power plants and achieving successful deployment of carbon capture and storage technologies. The ENCIO-project is financed by industrial and public funds. The project receives funding from the European Community's Research Fund for Coal and Steel (RFCS) under grant agreement n° RFCPCT-2011-00003. The ENCIO started on 1 July 2011. The overall project duration is six years (72 months), to allow enough operating hours, as well as related data collection, investigations and evaluation of results. The ENCIO Test Facility will be installed in the “Andrea Palladio” Power Station which is owned and operated by ENEL, located in Fusina, very close to Venice (Italy). The Unit 4 was selected for the installation of the Test Facility and the loops are planned for 20.000 hours of operation at 700°C. The present paper summarizes the current status of the overall process design of the thick-walled components, the test loops and the scheduled operating conditions, the characterizations program for the base materials and the welded joints, like creep and microstructural analysis also after service exposure.