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Proceedings Papers

AM-EPRI2016, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Eighth International Conference, 939-950, October 11–14, 2016,
... material developers. In the European material programmes COST 522 and COST 536, based on the existing 9-12%Cr creep resisting steels, an advanced 9%Cr-Mo martensitic alloy, C(F)B2 (GX13CrMoCoVNbNB9-2-1) alloy has been developed. By modification through alloying of boron and cobalt and together with other...
Proceedings Papers

AM-EPRI2007, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Fifth International Conference, 303-319, October 3–5, 2007,
... Abstract This paper presents comprehensive test results of thick-walled VM12 steel pipes containing 12% chromium, vanadium, and tungsten, with cobalt addition. The primary objective was to verify welding technologies for boiler superheater thick-walled components and characterize the strength...
Proceedings Papers

AM-EPRI2024, Advances in Materials, Manufacturing, and Repair for Power Plants: Proceedings from the Tenth International Conference, 1066-1074, October 15–18, 2024,
... Abstract Nitridation is a high-temperature material degradation issue that can occur in air and in environments containing nitrogen, ammonia, etc., and in a variety of industrial processes. The nitridation behavior of several commercial nickel- and cobalt-based alloys is reviewed in this paper...
Proceedings Papers

AM-EPRI2004, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Fourth International Conference, 1280-1298, October 25–28, 2004,
... formation up to 1% content. While cobalt increased Laves phase fraction at 650°C, it did not improve long-term CRS and even caused a rapid decrease in short-term CRS. Copper, on the other hand, promoted the precipitation of fine Cu-rich particles that acted as nucleation sites for Laves phase and M 23 C 6...
Proceedings Papers

AM-EPRI2024, Advances in Materials, Manufacturing, and Repair for Power Plants: Proceedings from the Tenth International Conference, 909-923, October 15–18, 2024,
... compared to cobalt-based hardfacing materials, J513 demonstrates additional advantages in powder metallurgy applications due to its ability to achieve desired powder characteristics through atomization without requiring post-atomization annealing. Through experimental investigation based on fundamental...
Proceedings Papers

AM-EPRI2019, 2019 Joint EPRI – 123HiMAT International Conference on Advances in High-Temperature Materials, 460-469, October 21–24, 2019,
... to protect them from wear and to reduce friction. Stellite 6 (Cobalt-based alloy) is the benchmark hardfacing owing to its anti-galling properties. However, the latest results tend to indicate that it is not suitable for high pressure application above 700°C. An alternative hardfacing will be required...
Proceedings Papers

AM-EPRI2004, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Fourth International Conference, 1256-1269, October 25–28, 2004,
... (dislocation pinning) is used for sustained strengthening. Different MX-forming elements (V, Ta, Ti) are investigated to identify the optimal combination for high quantities of finely distributed strengthening particles. Additionally, cobalt and copper are employed to promote a fully martensitic microstructure...
Proceedings Papers

AM-EPRI2007, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Fifth International Conference, 377-390, October 3–5, 2007,
... a molybdenum-containing superalloy to achieve low thermal expansion. They systematically investigated the effects of molybdenum and cobalt content, gamma prime phase amount, and aluminum/titanium ratio on thermal expansion, tensile properties, and creep-rupture properties. These investigations were conducted...
Proceedings Papers

AM-EPRI2016, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Eighth International Conference, 768-777, October 11–14, 2016,
... Abstract Due to a high degree of mixing between substrate and weld deposit, fusion welding of dissimilar metal joints functionally produce new, uncharacterized alloys. In the power generation industry, such mixing during the application of cobalt-based hardfacing has led to a disconcerting...
Proceedings Papers

AM-EPRI2013, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Seventh International Conference, 482-490, October 22–25, 2013,
... Abstract Hardfacing alloys are commonly used for wear- and galling-resistant surfaces for mechanical parts under high loads, such as valve seats. Cobalt-based Stellite, as well as, stainless-steel-based Norem02 and Tristelle 5183 alloys show similar microstructural features that correlate...
Proceedings Papers

AM-EPRI2016, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Eighth International Conference, 35-46, October 11–14, 2016,
... with chemical concentration of Cobalt and tungsten higher than that of CB2 (GX-13CrMoCoVNbNB9) typically, 2% to 3 Co, 3%W, with controlled B and N additions. The paper will discuss the work undertaken on prototype MarBN steel castings produced in UK funded research projects, and summarise the results achieved...
Proceedings Papers

AM-EPRI2019, 2019 Joint EPRI – 123HiMAT International Conference on Advances in High-Temperature Materials, 1237-1249, October 21–24, 2019,
... by additions of, typically, 3% cobalt and tungsten with controlled additions of boron and nitrogen. While development of 9%Cr steels has continued since the last EPRI high temperature material conference in 2016 (Portugal), parallel developments in nickel alloy castings for even higher temperature and pressure...
Proceedings Papers

AM-EPRI2013, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Seventh International Conference, 304-320, October 22–25, 2013,
..., SdF produced a prototype FB2 rotor using a conventional process. FB2, a 10% Cr steel containing cobalt and boron but lacking tungsten, emerged from the COST 522 program as the best candidate for scaling up from a laboratory experiment to a full-sized industrial component. Notably, the addition...
Proceedings Papers

AM-EPRI2013, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Seventh International Conference, 321-332, October 22–25, 2013,
... Abstract A 9% Cr steel containing cobalt and boron, X13CrMoCoVNbNB9-2-1, has been manufactured by electroslag remelting (ESR) to evaluate its performance and to compare its creep strength and microstructure to a forging made from electroslag hot-topping ingot. The evaluation results confirm...
Proceedings Papers

AM-EPRI2004, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Fourth International Conference, 191-201, October 25–28, 2004,
... prior austenite grain boundaries, as excess dislocations inside the grain are difficult to rearrange. This paper presents a new approach using carbon-free martensitic alloys strengthened by intermetallic compounds. An iron-nickel-cobalt martensite matrix with Laves phase as the precipitate is selected...
Proceedings Papers

AM-EPRI2004, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Fourth International Conference, 506-519, October 25–28, 2004,
... of this COST grade E steel. Secondly, it reports on the manufacturing of a trial melt of a later 9%Cr steel containing cobalt and boron from COST development, describing its long-term creep behavior, microstructural features responsible for superior creep resistance, and test results including short-term...
Proceedings Papers

AM-EPRI2004, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Fourth International Conference, 552-558, October 25–28, 2004,
... producing nickel and cobalt-base alloy forgings for applications like aircraft engines, aerospace, land-based gas turbines, and offshore. This paper reports on the manufacturing and testing of large-section forgings made from candidate nickel-base alloys like 617 and 625 for high-pressure/intermediate...
Proceedings Papers

AM-EPRI2004, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Fourth International Conference, 919-929, October 25–28, 2004,
... such as cobalt, tungsten, and boron to meet a range of requirements, including extending fatigue life. The steel is designed to have the same creep strength as T/P92 but with better oxidation resistance due to the higher chromium content. It has about a 0.2% increase in mechanical properties compared to T/P92...
Proceedings Papers

AM-EPRI2007, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Fifth International Conference, 208-219, October 3–5, 2007,
.... This new steel, with a chromium content of 12% and with other additional elements such as cobalt, tungsten and boron, is named VM12. Manufacturing of this grade has been successfully demonstrated by production of several laboratory and industrial heats and rolling of tubes and pipes in several sizes using...
Proceedings Papers

AM-EPRI2007, Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants: Proceedings from the Fifth International Conference, 366-376, October 3–5, 2007,
... ultimately selecting the most promising candidate, FB2, a 10% Cr steel containing cobalt and boron additions, notably without tungsten. Società delle Fucine (SdF) successfully produced an FB2 prototype rotor using a conventional manufacturing process involving ladle furnace and vacuum degassing techniques...