AISI Type S2 is a water-hardening tool steel with extreme toughness and resistance to shock loading. Even at a hardness of Rockwell C 59-60, it will bend before it breaks. When hardened in medium-size and large-size pieces, it acquires a hard case and a tough core. Sizes under 3/4-inch (19mm) diameter will water harden to the center. The extreme toughness of Type S2 makes it suitable for use in many applications where no other tool steel will hold up. Its many uses include chisels, rivet busters, spike mauls, screw drivers, punches and sledges. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: TS-408. Producer or source: Tool steel mills.

VENANGO SPECIAL is a low-alloy high-strength tool steel of the silico-manganese type having high impact and high compression strength plus high wear resistance. It is similar to AISI Type S2 but with higher carbon content. This datasheet provides information on composition, hardness, tensile properties, and compressive strength. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: TS-65. Producer or source: Cyclops Corporation.

CYCLOPS S2 is a high-silicon, shock-resisting tool steel with extreme toughness. It has good ductility and toughness at high strength levels, and gives excellent service in those applications where shock and impact are major factors. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: TS-328. Producer or source: Cyclops Corporation.

CARPENTER SOLAR alloy is an extremely tough, water-hardening tool steel. Large sections harden to a hard case with a tough core. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: TS-494. Producer or source: Carpenter.

SOLAR TOOL STEEL is a very tough water hardening tool steel. Even at Rockwell C 59/60, it will bend before breaking. If medium and large sections, the steel develops a hard case and tough core when hardened. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and hardness. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: TS-32. Producer or source: Carpenter. Originally published as Solar, April 1955, revised September 1991.

1006 is a wrought low-carbon (carbon ≤ 0.08%) non-alloy steel that is used in the as rolled, annealed, normalized, or cold worked condition. This steel is characterized by low strength, high ductility, excellent cold formability, and excellent weldability. Within the carbon range of this steel grade, both strength and hardness will increase with increase in carbon and with cold work. Such increases in strength are at the sacrifice of ductility or the ability to withstand cold deformation. 1006 is widely used for lightly stressed parts where cold formability or drawability is the primary requisite. In general, it is not intended for heat treatment after cold working. 1006 may, however, be used in the carburized or carbonitrided, and subsequently quench hardened and tempered, condition for parts requiring a hard, wear-resistant surface, but with little need for increased mechanical properties in the core. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as casting, forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: CS-232. Producer or source: Data Survey.

1075 and CS75 are wrought high-carbon (carbon = 0.70–0.80%) non-alloy steels that have a lower manganese content (manganese = 0.40–0.70%) than 1074 (manganese = 0.50–0.80%). They are used in the cold worked, quenched and tempered, or austempered condition. These steels are widely used for highly stressed parts that require higher strength levels than can be achieved by the lower carbon grades. They are also used for applications where the higher carbon is needed to improve wear characteristics. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: CS-243. Producer or source: Data Survery.

1012 and S12C are wrought low-carbon (carbon = 0.10–0.15%) non-alloy steels that are used in the as rolled, annealed, normalized, or cold worked condition. These steels are characterized by low strength, high ductility, excellent cold formability, and excellent weldability. They are widely used for lightly stressed parts where cold formability is the primary requisite. 1012 and S12C are less expensive than 1008 and can be used when the requirements for cold forming are less exacting. 1012 and S12C may also be used in the carburized or carbonitrided, and subsequently quench hardened and tempered, condition for parts requiring a hard, wear-resistant surface, but with little need for increased mechanical properties in the core. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as casting, forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: CS-233. Producer or source: Data Survey.

1044 is a wrought medium-carbon (carbon = 0.43–0.50%) non-alloy steel that has a lower manganese content (manganese = 0.30–0.60%) than 1045 (manganese = 0.60–0.90%). It is used in the hot rolled, normalized, cold worked, or quenched and tempered condition. 1044 may also be flame or induction hardened. This steel is widely used for moderately and highly stressed parts that require higher strength levels than can be achieved by the lower carbon grades. Owing to their low hardenability, their use in the quench hardened and tempered condition is not recommended for large sizes. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: CS-238. Producer or source: Data Survey.

1070, C67S, CS70, and S70C are wrought high-carbon (carbon = 0.65–0.75%) non-alloy steels that are, in general, used in the cold worked, quenched and tempered, or austempered condition. These steels are widely used for highly stressed parts that require higher strength levels than can be achieved by the lower carbon grades. They are also used for applications where the higher carbon is needed to improve wear characteristics. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance and wear resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: CS-241. Producer or source: Data Survey.

1078 and C80S are wrought high-carbon (carbon = 0.72–0.85%) non-alloy steels that are used in the cold worked, quenched and tempered, or austempered condition. These steels are widely used for highly stressed parts, such as springs, that require higher strength levels than can be achieved by the lower carbon grades. They are also used for applications where the higher carbon is needed to improve wear characteristics. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: CS-244. Producer or source: Data Survey.

1074, C75S, and S75C are wrought high-carbon (carbon = 0.70–0.80%) non-alloy steels that are, in general, used in the cold worked, quenched and tempered, or austempered condition. These steels are widely used for highly stressed parts that require higher strength levels than can be achieved by the lower carbon grades. They are also used for applications where the higher carbon is needed to improve wear characteristics. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, machining, and joining. Filing Code: CS-242. Producer or source: Data Survey.

1080 is a wrought high-carbon (carbon = 0.75–0.88%) non-alloy steel that is used in the cold worked, quenched and tempered, or austempered condition. This steel is widely used for highly stressed parts, such as springs, that require higher strength levels than can be achieved by the lower carbon grades. It is also used for applications where the higher carbon is needed to improve wear characteristics. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: CS-245. Producer or source: Data Survey.

1018 and C17 are wrought low-carbon non-alloy steels that are used in the as rolled, normalized, or cold worked condition. They are widely used for lightly and moderately stressed parts that require higher strength levels than can be achieved by the lower carbon grades, and also for applications where a combination of low-to-medium strength, good cold formability, and excellent weldability are required. They may also be used in the carburized or carbonitrided, and subsequently quench hardened and tempered condition for parts requiring a hard, wear-resistant surface, but with little need for increased mechanical properties in the core. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: CS-227. Producer or source: Data Survey.

1023 and S22C are wrought low-carbon non-alloy steels (C = 0.20–0.25%, Mn = 0.30–0.60%) that are used in the as rolled, normalized, or cold worked condition. These steels are widely used for lightly and moderately stressed parts that require higher strength levels than can be achieved by the lower carbon grades, and also for applications where a combination of low-to-medium strength, good cold formability, and good weldability are required. They may also be used in the carburized or carbonitrided, and subsequently quench hardened and tempered, condition for parts requiring a hard, wear-resistant surface, but with little need for increased mechanical properties in the core. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: CS-235. Producer or source: Data Survey.

1033 and S33C are wrought medium-carbon non-alloy steels that are used in the normalized, cold worked, or quenched and tempered condition. 1033 and S33C may also be flame or induction hardened. These steels are widely used for small, moderately stressed parts that require higher strength levels than can be achieved by the lower carbon grades, and also for applications where a combination of moderate strength and good toughness is required. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: CS-236. Producer or source: Data Survey.

1049 and S50C are wrought medium-carbon (carbon = 0.46–0.53%) non-alloy steels that are used in the normalized, cold worked, or quenched and tempered condition. 1049 and S50C may also be flame or induction hardened. These steels are widely used for moderately and highly stressed parts that require higher strength levels than can be achieved by the lower carbon grades, and where the expense of an alloy steel is not justified. Owing to their low hardenability, their use in the quench hardened and tempered condition is not recommended for large sizes, as the improvement in mechanical properties over the normalized condition is insufficient to justify the additional cost of heat treatment. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: CS-237. Producer or source: Data Survey.

1016, C16E, and C16R are wrought low-carbon non-alloy steels that are used in the as rolled, normalized, or cold worked condition. These steels are widely used for lightly and moderately stressed parts that require higher strength levels than can be achieved by the lower carbon grades, and also for applications where a combination of low strength, excellent cold formability, and excellent weldability are required. They may also be used in the carburized or carbonitrided, and subsequently quench hardened and tempered condition for parts requiring a hard, wear-resistant surface, but with little need for increased mechanical properties in the core. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: CS-226. Producer or source: Data Survey.

1025, 1026, C25, C25E, and C25R are wrought low-carbon non-alloy steels that are used in the normalized, cold worked, or quenched and tempered condition. These steels are widely used for small, moderately stressed parts that require higher strength levels than can be achieved by the lower carbon grades, and also for applications that require a combination of moderate strength, good toughness, and good fabrication characteristics. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: CS-221. Producer or source: Data Survey.

1008 and C8C are wrought low-carbon (carbon ≤ 0.10%) non-alloy steels that are used in the as-rolled, annealed, normalized, or cold worked condition. These steels are characterized by low strength, high ductility, excellent cold formability, and excellent weldability. Within the carbon range of these steel grades, strength and hardness will increase with increase in carbon and with cold work. Such increases in strength are at the sacrifice of ductility or the ability to withstand cold deformation. 1008 and C8C are widely used for lightly stressed parts where cold formability or drawability is the primary requisite. In general, they are not intended for heat treatment after cold working. 1008 may, however, be used in the carburized or carbonitrided, and subsequently quench hardened and tempered condition for parts requiring a hard, wear-resistant surface, but with little need for increased mechanical properties in the core. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fatigue. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as casting, forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: CS-228. Producer or source: Data Survey.